I-Parasports yaseChina:
Inqubekelaphambili kanye Nokuvikelwa Kwamalungelo
IHhovisi Lolwazi LoMkhandlu Wombuso we
iRiphabhulikhi Yabantu YaseShayina
Okuqukethwe
Isendlalelo
I. I-Parasports Ithuthuke Ngokuthuthuka Kwezwe
II. Imisebenzi Engokomzimba Yabantu Abakhubazekile Ithuthukile
III. Ukusebenza kuma-Parasports Kuthuthuka Ngokuqhubekayo
IV. Inikela kumaParasports Amazwe Ngamazwe
V. Izimpumelelo ku-Parasports Zibonisa Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamalungelo Abantu baseShayina
Isiphetho
Isendlalelo
Ezemidlalo zibalulekile kubo bonke abantu, kuhlanganisa nalabo abakhubazekile. Ukuthuthukisa ama-parasports kuyindlela esebenzayo yokusiza abantu abakhubazekile ukuba bathuthukise ukuqina komzimba, baphishekele ukuhlunyeleliswa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukubamba iqhaza kwezokuhlalisana kwabantu, futhi bazuze intuthuko yonke. Iphinde inikeze ithuba elikhethekile lokuthi umphakathi uqonde kangcono amandla kanye nenani labakhubazekile, futhi ukhuthaze ukuzwana komphakathi nenqubekelaphambili. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukisa ama-parasport kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile bangajabulela amalungelo alinganayo, bahlanganyele kalula emphakathini, futhi babelane ngezithelo zenqubekelaphambili yezomnotho nezenhlalakahle. Ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo kuyilungelo elibalulekile labantu abakhubazekile kanye nengxenye ebalulekile yokuvikelwa kwamalungelo abantu.
IKomidi Elimaphakathi LeQembu LamaKhomanisi laseShayina (CPC) elino-Xi Jinping emnyombweni libheka ukubaluleka okukhulu kwembangela yabakhubazekile, futhi libanikeza ukunakekelwa okubanzi. Kusukela ngo-18th CPC National Congress ngo-2012, eholwa ngu-Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, i-China isifake lesi sizathu oHlelweni Oludidiyelwe Lwezinhlaka Ezinhlanu kanye Nesu Elibanzi Elinezinhlangothi Ezine, futhi yathatha izinyathelo eziqinile nezisebenzayo. ukuthuthukisa ama-parasport. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemidlalo ye-parasport e-China, abasubathi abaningi abakhubazekile basebenze kanzima futhi bazuzela izwe ukuhlonishwa kwenkundla yamazwe ngamazwe, bekhuthaza umphakathi ngobuchule babo kwezemidlalo. Inqubekelaphambili engokomlando yenziwe ekuthuthukiseni imidlalo yabantu abakhubazekile.
Njengoba i-Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games isiseduze, abasubathi abakhubazekile baphinde badonsa ukunakwa komhlaba wonke. Le midlalo ngokuqinisekile izohlinzeka ngethuba lokuthuthukiswa kwamapharamitha e-China; zizokwenza ukuthi inhlangano yamapharasports emhlabeni jikelele iqhubekele phambili “ndawonye ukuze kube nekusasa elihlanganyelwe”.
I. I-Parasports Ithuthuke Ngokuthuthuka Kwezwe
Kusukela kwasungulwa i-People's Republic of China (PRC) ngo-1949, ngenxa yenguquko yezenhlalakahle kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha, ukuguqulwa nokuvula, isimanje sezenhlalakahle, kanye nesocialism enezici zaseShayina zenkathi entsha, kanye nokwenza inqubekela phambili emzamweni we abakhubazekile, ama-parasports athuthuke kancane kancane futhi aphumelela, angena endleleni ephethe izici ezihlukile zesiShayina futhi ehlonipha izitayela zezikhathi.
1. Inqubekelaphambili eqinile yenziwa kuma-parasports ngemuva kokusungulwa kwe-PRC.Ngokusungulwa kwe-PRC, abantu baba amakhosi ezwe. Abantu abakhubazekile banikezwa isikhundla sezombangazwe esilinganayo, bejabulela amalungelo afanayo asemthethweni nezibopho njengezinye izakhamuzi. I1954 Umthethosisekelo wePeople's Republic of Chinawabeka ukuthi “banelungelo lokuthola usizo lwezinto ezibonakalayo”. Amafekthri ezenhlalakahle, izikhungo zezenhlalakahle, izikole zemfundo ekhethekile, izinhlangano zezenhlalakahle ezikhethekile kanye nendawo enhle yezenhlalakahle ziye zaqinisekisa amalungelo ayisisekelo kanye nezithakazelo zabantu abakhubazekile futhi zathuthukisa izimpilo zabo.
Eminyakeni yokuqala ye-PRC, i-CPC kanye nohulumeni waseShayina babeka ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezemidlalo kubantu. Ama-Parasports athuthuka kancane kancane ezikoleni, ezimbonini nasezikhungweni zezempilo. Inani elikhulu labantu abakhubazekile libambe iqhaza ngokukhuthele emisebenzini yezemidlalo efana ne-radio calisthenics, izivivinyo zasemsebenzini, ithenisi yetafula, i-basketball, kanye ne-tug of war, ebeka izisekelo zokuthi abantu abaningi abakhubazekile babambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo.
Ngo-1957, imidlalo yokuqala kazwelonke yentsha eyizimpumputhe yenzeka eShanghai. Izinhlangano zezemidlalo zabantu abakhubazekile zasungulwa ezweni lonke, futhi zahlela imicimbi yezemidlalo yesifunda. Ngo-1959, kwabanjwa umqhudelwano wokuqala kazwelonke we-basketball wabesilisa walabo abanenkinga yokuzwa. Imincintiswano yezemidlalo kazwelonke yakhuthaza abantu abaningi abakhubazekile ukuba bahlanganyele kwezemidlalo, yathuthukisa ukuqina kwabo ngokomzimba, futhi yandisa intshiseko yabo yokuhlanganiswa komphakathi.
2. I-Parasports yathuthuka ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa kwezinguquko kanye nokuvuleka.Ngemva kokwethulwa kwezinguquko kanye nokuvulwa ngo-1978, iShayina yazuza uguquko oluyingqophamlando - ukuphakamisa izinga lokuphila labantu bayo ukusuka ekuziphiliseni okungenasisekelo kuya ezingeni eliyisisekelo lokuchuma okulinganiselwe. Lokhu kwaphawula igxathu elikhulu eliya phambili esizweni saseShayina - ukusuka ekumeni siqonde ekubeni sesimweni esingcono.
I-CPC kanye nohulumeni waseShayina basungule inqwaba yezinhlelo ezinkulu zokugqugquzela inqubekelaphambili yama-parasports kanye nokwenza ngcono izimpilo zabantu abakhubazekile. Umbuso umemezele iUmthetho WeRiphabhulikhi Yabantu YaseShayina Ngokuvikelwa Kwabantu Abakhubazekile, futhi yaqinisekisa iIsivumelwano Samalungelo Abantu Abakhubazekile. Njengoba uguquko kanye nokuvuleka kuqhubekela phambili, ukukhuthaza izintshisekelo zabantu abakhubazekile kwavela kwezenhlalakahle, okuhlinzekwa ikakhulukazi ngendlela yokusiza, kwaba umsebenzi ophelele womphakathi. Kwenziwa imizamo emikhulu yokwandisa amathuba okuba abantu abakhubazekile bahlanganyele emisebenzini yezenhlalo, kanye nokuhlonipha nokuvikela amalungelo abo ngazo zonke izindlela, kwabeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwama-parasport.
IUmthetho we-People's Republic of China kuSiko Lomzimba Nezemidlaloibeka ukuthi umphakathi uwonke kufanele uzikhathaze futhi usekele ukuhlanganyela kwabakhubazekile emisebenzini yomzimba, nokuthi ohulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga bazothatha izinyathelo zokuhlinzeka ngezimo ukuze abantu abakhubazekile bahlanganyele emisebenzini yomzimba. Umthetho futhi ubeka ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile kufanele babe nokufinyelela okukhethekile ezindaweni zokufaka nezindawo zemidlalo yomphakathi, nokuthi izikole zizodala izimo zokuhlela imidlalo evumelana nezimo ezithile zabafundi abanempilo ebuthaka noma abakhubazekile.
Ama-Parasport afakiwe ezinhlelweni zentuthuko kazwelonke nasezinhlelweni zokuthuthukisa abakhubazekile. Izindlela zokusebenza ezifanele kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi zenziwe ngcono, okwenza ama-parasports angene esigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha.
Ngo-1983, isimemo sezemidlalo sikazwelonke sabantu abakhubazekile sabanjwa eTianjin. Ngo-1984, Imidlalo Yokuqala Kazwelonke Yabantu Abakhubazekile yenzeka e-Hefei, esifundazweni sase-Anhui. Ngawo lowo nyaka, iThimba laseShayina lenze umdlalo walo wokuqala eMidlalweni Yasehlobo Ye-Paralympic yesi-7 eNew York, futhi lawina indondo yegolide yokuqala ngqa ye-Paralympic. Ngo-1994, i-Beijing yasingatha Imidlalo yesi-6 yeMpumalanga Ekude kanye ne-South Pacific yabakhubazekile (i-FESPIC Games), umcimbi wokuqala wamazwe ngamazwe wemidlalo eminingi yabantu abakhubazekile obanjelwe e-China. Ngo-2001, i-Beijing yawina isicelo sokusingatha imidlalo yama-Olympic kanye ne-Paralympic Summer Games ka-2008. Ngo-2004, iThimba laseShayina lahola kokubili isibalo sezindondo zegolide kanye nokubalwa kwezindondo zizonke okokuqala ngqa kuMidlalo Yasehlobo Yase-Athens Paralympic. Ngo-2007, i-Shanghai isingathe Imidlalo Yasehlobo Yomhlaba Yama-Olympic Akhethekile. Ngo-2008, i-Paralympic Summer Games yayibanjelwe eBeijing. Ngo-2010, i-Guangzhou isingathe i-Asian Para Games.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-China yasungula inqwaba yezinhlangano zezemidlalo zabantu abakhubazekile, kuhlanganise ne-China Sports Association for the Disabled (kamuva eyaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-National Paralympic Committee of China), i-China Sports Association for the Deaf, kanye ne-China Association for the Mentally. Inselelo (kamuva yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Special Olympics China). I-China iphinde yajoyina inqwaba yezinhlangano zezemidlalo zamazwe ngamazwe zabakhubazekile, kuhlanganise ne-International Paralympic Committee. Khonamanjalo, kwasungulwa izinhlangano ezahlukene zezemidlalo zendawo zabantu abakhubazekile ezweni lonke.
3. Inqubekelaphambili engokomlando yenziwe kuma-parasports enkathini entsha.Kusukela nge-18th CPC National Congress ngo-2012, i-socialism enezici zaseShayina ingene enkathini entsha. I-China yakhe umphakathi ophumelelayo ngokusesilinganisweni kuzo zonke izici njengoba kuhleliwe, futhi isizwe saseShayina sizuze uguquko olukhulu kakhulu - ukusuka ekumeni uqonde ukuya ekuchumeni nasekukhuleni ngamandla.
U-Xi Jinping, unobhala-jikelele we-CPC Central Committee kanye nomongameli wase-China, unokukhathazeka okuthile ngabantu abakhubazekile. Ugcizelela ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile bangamalungu omphakathi alinganayo, futhi bangamandla abalulekile ekuthuthukiseni impucuko yabantu kanye nokuphakamisa nokuthuthukisa iSocialism yaseShayina. Uphawula ukuthi abakhubazekile bayakwazi ukuphila izimpilo ezinomvuzo njengabantu abanamandla. Uphinde wayala ukuthi abekho abantu abakhubazekile okufanele basale lapho ukuchuma okulinganiselwe kuzo zonke izici kuzotholakala eShayina ngo-2020. U-Xi uzibophezele ukuthi iChina izothuthukisa ezinye izinhlelo zabakhubazekile, ithuthukise intuthuko yabo yonke indawo kanye nokuchuma okulinganayo, futhi silwele ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo zawo wonke umuntu okhubazekile. Uthembise ukuthi i-China izokwethula ama-Olympics kanye nama-Paralympics Asebusika amahle kakhulu futhi angajwayelekile e-Beijing 2022. Uphinde wagcizelela ukuthi izwe kumele licabangele ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo ezikahle, ezisebenza kahle, eziqondiswe ngokucophelela futhi ezinobuhlakani kubasubathi, futhi ikakhulukazi, ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo ezikhethekile. yabasubathi abakhubazekile ngokwakha izinsiza ezifinyeleleka kalula. Lokhu kuqaphelisisa okubalulekile kukhomba umkhombandlela wembangela yabantu abakhubazekile eShayina.
Ngaphansi kobuholi beKomidi Elikhulu le-CPC elino-Xi Jinping emnyombweni walo, i-China ihlanganisa izinhlelo zabantu abakhubazekile ezinhlelweni zayo zonke zokuthuthukiswa komnotho nezenhlalakahle kanye nezinhlelo zayo zokwenza amalungelo abantu. Ngenxa yalokho, amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabantu abakhubazekile avikelwe kangcono, futhi izinjongo zokulingana, ukubamba iqhaza kanye nokwabelana ziye zasondelana. Abantu abakhubazekile banomuzwa onamandla wokwaneliseka, injabulo nokuvikeleka, kanti ama-parasport anamathemba aqhakazile entuthuko.
Ama-Parasports afakiwe kumasu kazwelonke e-China ohlelo lwe-Fitness-for-All, i-Healthy China isinyathelo, kanye Nokwakha i-China ibe Izwe Elinamandla Kwezemidlalo. IUmthetho WeRiphabhulikhi Yabantu YaseShayina Wokuqinisekisa Izinkonzo Zesiko Lomphakathi kanye Nemithethonqubo Yokwakha Indawo Efinyelelekayoukuhlinzekela ukuthi okuhamba phambili kuzobekwa phambili ekwenzeni ngcono ukufinyeleleka kwezikhungo zesevisi zikahulumeni okuhlanganisa nezindawo zemidlalo. I-China yakhe i-National Ice Sports Arena Yabantu Abakhubazekile. Bayanda abantu abakhubazekile abazibandakanya emisebenzini yokuvuselela kanye nokuqina, babambe iqhaza kuma-parasport emiphakathini yabo nasemakhaya, futhi babambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo yangaphandle. Uhlelo Lokusekela Abakhubazekile ngaphansi kweNational Fitness Programme seluqaliwe, kanti abaqeqeshi bezemidlalo abaqeqeshelwe abantu abakhubazekile sebeqeqeshiwe. Abantu abakhubazeke kakhulu banokufinyelela ezinsizeni zokuhlunyeleliswa izimilo nezokuqina emakhaya abo.
Kwenziwe yonke imizamo ukulungiselela i-Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games, futhi abasubathi baseShayina bazobamba iqhaza kuyo yonke imicimbi. Emidlalweni Yasebusika ye-Pyeongchang Paralympic yango-2018, abasubathi baseChina bawine igolide ku-Wheelchair Curling, indondo yokuqala yase-China kuma-Winter Paralympics. Emidlalweni Yasehlobo Yase-Tokyo 2020 Paralympic, abasubathi baseShayina bathole imiphumela emangalisayo, bekleliswe phezulu endondo yegolide nokubalwa kwezindondo okwesihlanu kulandelana. Abasubathi baseShayina bakhuphukele phezulu kuma-Deaflympics nasemidlalweni Yomhlaba Yama-Olympics Akhethekile.
I-Parasports yenze inqubekelaphambili enkulu e-China, ikhombisa amandla esikhungo saseShayina ekukhuthazeni izinhlelo zabakhubazekile, kanye nokubonisa impumelelo yayo ephawulekayo ekuhlonipheni nasekuvikeleni amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabantu abakhubazekile. Ezweni lonke, ukuqonda, inhlonipho, ukunakekela kanye nosizo lwabakhubazekile kukhula ngamandla. Bayanda abantu abakhubazekile abafezekisa amaphupho abo futhi bathola intuthuko emangalisayo ezimpilweni zabo ngemidlalo. Isibindi, ukuqina kanye nokuqina okukhonjiswa abantu abakhubazekile ngokuphusha imingcele nokuphokophela phambili kukhuthaze isizwe sonke futhi kwakhuthaza inqubekelaphambili yezenhlalo namasiko.
II. Imisebenzi Engokomzimba Yabantu Abakhubazekile Ithuthukile
I-China ibheka ukuvuselelwa kanye nokufaneleka kwemisebenzi yabantu abakhubazekile njengenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko ekusebenziseni amasu ayo kazwelonke we-Fitness-for-All, umkhankaso we-Healthy China, kanye Nokwakha I-China Ibe Izwe Elinamandla Kwezemidlalo. Ngokwenza imisebenzi yezemidlalo yezemidlalo ezweni lonke, inothisa okuqukethwe yimisebenzi enjalo, ukuthuthukisa izinsizakalo zezemidlalo, nokuqinisa ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nemfundo, i-China ikhuthaze abakhubazekile ukuba babe abahlanganyeli abakhuthele kakhulu emisebenzini yokuvuselela nokuqina.
1. Imisebenzi engokomzimba yabantu abakhubazekile iyachuma.Ezingeni lomphakathi, izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo nezokuzilolonga zabantu abakhubazekile zihlelwe, zajwayelaniswa nezimo zendawo zasemadolobheni nasemakhaya aseShayina. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubamba iqhaza kwabantu abakhubazekile emisebenzini yokuqina emazingeni aphansi kanye nemidlalo yokuncintisana, i-China iye yanweba imisebenzi yokubuyisela izimilo kanye nezinsizakalo zemidlalo yokufaneleka emiphakathini ngokuthenga kukahulumeni. Izinga lokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yamasiko nezemidlalo emazingeni aphansi yabantu abakhubazekile eShayina selinyukile, lisuka kumaphesenti angama-6.8 ngo-2015 laya kumaphesenti angama-23,9 ngo-2021.
Izikole kuwo wonke amazinga kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zihlele imisebenzi evamile yomzimba eklanywe ngokukhethekile yabafundi bazo abakhubazekile, futhi zikhuthaze ukudansa komugqa, i-cheerleading, i-dryland curling, neminye imidlalo esekelwe eqenjini. Abafundi basekolishi nalabo abasezikoleni zamabanga aphansi nezamabanga aphezulu bakhuthazwe ukuthi babambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi afana ne-Special Olympics University Programme nakuma-Special Olympics Unified Sports. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha baye bagqugquzelwa ukuba bahlanganyele emisebenzini efana nokuvuselela ezemidlalo, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-para-athletics, kanye nohlelo lwe-Special Olympics Healthy Athletes, futhi othisha bomzimba baye bakhuthazwa ukuba babambe iqhaza emisebenzini yobungcweti njengokuqina komzimba nokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo kwabakhubazekile, kanye ukuhlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokuzithandela yama-parasports.
Imidlalo Kazwelonke Yabantu Abakhubazekile YaseShayina ihlanganise imicimbi yokuvuselela nokufaneleka. IMidlalo Yebhola Kazwelonke Yabantu Abakhubazekile ibanjelwe izigaba eziningi zabantu abanenkinga yokubona noma yokuzwa noma abakhubazeke ngokomqondo. Amaqembu abambe iqhaza kuMqhudelwano Kazwelonke Wokudansa Wokuvula Wabantu Abakhubazekile manje aphuma ezifundazweni ezingaba ngu-20 kanye namayunithi okuphatha afanayo. Inani elandayo lezikole zemfundo eyisipesheli lenze ukudansa komugqa kwaba umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca ngesikhathi sekhefu lazo eliyinhloko.
2. Imicimbi ye-Parasports yenziwa ezweni lonke.Abantu abakhubazekile bavame ukubamba iqhaza emicimbini kazwelonke ye-parasports, efana Nosuku Lukazwelonke Lwama-Olympics Akhethekile, Iviki Lokufaneleka Labantu Abakhubazekile, kanye Nesizini Yezemidlalo Yasebusika Yabantu Abakhubazekile. Kusukela ngo-2007, i-China ibilokhu ihlela imisebenzi yokwazisa uSuku Lukazwelonke Lwama-Olympics Akhethekile, oluba ngoJulayi 20 njalo ngonyaka. Ukubamba iqhaza kuma-Special Olympics kufinyelele emandleni abantu abakhubazeke ngokobuhlakani, kwathuthukisa ukuzethemba kwabo, futhi kwabaletha emphakathini. Kusukela ngo-2011, ngoSuku Lukazwelonke Lokufaneleka minyaka yonke, i-China ibilokhu ihlela imisebenzi ye-parasports ezweni lonke ukuphawula Iviki Lokufaneleka Kwabantu Abakhubazekile, lapho imicimbi efana nesihlalo esinamasondo i-Tai Chi, i-Tai Chi ibhola, nemidlalo yebhola lezinyawo ezingaboni zibanjiwe.
Ngokubamba iqhaza emicimbini yokuhlumelelisa izimilo neyokuqina kanye nemisebenzi, abantu abakhubazekile sebejwayelene nama-parasports, baqale ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo, futhi bafunde ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhlunyeleliswa kanye nezokuqina. Bathole ithuba lokubonisa kanye nokushintshisana ngamakhono okuvuselela nokuqina. Ukuqina okukhulu kanye nengqondo eyakhayo kukhuthaze uthando lwabo lokuphila, futhi baye baqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngokuhlanganisa umphakathi. Imicimbi efana ne-Wheelchair Marathon yabakhubazekile, i-Chess Challenge phakathi kwabadlali abayizimpumputhe, kanye Nomqhudelwano Kazwelonke We-Tai Chi Ball Wabantu Abanenkinga yokuzwa ithuthukiswe yaba imicimbi yezemidlalo kazwelonke.
3. Imidlalo yasebusika yabantu abakhubazekile iyakhula.Minyaka yonke kusukela ngo-2016 i-China isingethe Isizini Yemidlalo Yasebusika Yabantu Abakhubazekile, ibahlinzeka ngenkundla yokubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo yasebusika, kanye nokugcwalisa ukuzibophezela kwebhidi ye-Beijing 2022 yokubandakanya abantu abayizigidi ezingu-300 kwezemidlalo yasebusika. Izinga lokubamba iqhaza liye landa lisuka emazingeni esifundazwe ayi-14 eNkathini Yezemidlalo Yasebusika yokuqala laya ezifundazweni ezingama-31 kanye namayunithi okuphatha alinganayo. Kubanjwe imisebenzi eyahlukene yama-parasports asebusika efanele izimo zasendaweni, evumela ababambiqhaza ukuthi bathole imicimbi ye-Paralympic Winter Games, futhi babambe iqhaza emidlalweni yasebusika ebamba iqhaza elikhulu, amakamu okuvuselela ubusika nokuqeqeshwa kokufaneleka, namafestivali eqhwa neqhwa. Izinhlobonhlobo zezemidlalo zasebusika zokubamba iqhaza kwabantu abaningi zidaliwe futhi zakhuthazwa, njengokushushuluza eqhweni, ukushushuluza endaweni eyomile, i-dryland curling, i-ice Cuju (umdlalo wamaShayina ovamile wokuqhudelana ngebhola ku-ice rink), ukushwibeka, ukushushuluza, ukushushuluza, iqhwa. amabhayisikili, ibhola lezinyawo eqhweni, isikebhe sikadrako weqhwa, i-snow tug-of-war, nokudoba eqhweni. Le midlalo yamanoveli nejabulisayo ibonakale idume kakhulu kubantu abakhubazekile. Ukwengeza, ukutholakala kwezemidlalo yasebusika kanye nezinsizakalo zokufaneleka kwabantu abakhubazekile ezingeni lomphakathi, nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe, kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokumenyezelwa kwezinto ezifanaIbhuku Lokuqondisa Ngemidlalo Yasebusika Nezinhlelo Zokufaneleka Zabantu Abakhubazekile.
4. Izinsizakalo zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo nezokuqina kwabantu abakhubazekile ziyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono.I-China yethule uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokubandakanya abantu abakhubazekile ekuvuseleleni izimilo nemisebenzi yomzimba, kanye nokuhlakulela amaqembu okusizakala nokufaneleka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ukwethulwa kweProjekthi Yokuzithuthukisa Yokuzithuthukisa kanye Nohlelo Lokunakekela Ukuvuselelwa Kwezemidlalo, ukuthuthukisa nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo, indlela yokusebenza kanye nemishini yokuhlunyeleliswa nokufaneleka kwabakhubazekile, ukucebisa izinsizakalo zezemidlalo kanye nemikhiqizo yabantu abakhubazekile, kanye nokukhuthaza izinsizakalo zokufaneleka ezingeni lomphakathi. kubo kanye nezinsiza zokuhlunyeleliswa emakhaya kubantu abakhubazeke kakhulu.
Amazinga Kazwelonke Ayisisekelo Senkonzo Yomphakathi Yezemidlalo Yabantu abaningi (Ushicilelo lwango-2021)kanye nezinye izinqubomgomo nemithetho kazwelonke ibeka ukuthi isimo sokufaneleka kwabantu abakhubazekile kufanele sithuthukiswe, futhi sidinga ukuthi bathole ukufinyelela ezikhungweni zikahulumeni mahhala noma ngamanani ancishisiwe. Kusukela ngo-2020, sezizonke izindawo zezemidlalo ezilungele abakhubazekile eziyi-10,675 zazakhiwe ezweni lonke, sekuqeqeshwe othisha abayizi-125,000, kanti imindeni engama-434,000 enabantu abakhubazeke kakhulu inikezwe izinsiza zokuhlunyeleliswa emakhaya kanye nezempilo. Khonamanjalo, iShayina isiqondise ngenkuthalo ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo zemidlalo zasebusika zabantu abakhubazekile ngokugxila ekusekeleni izindawo ezingathuthukile, emalokishini nasezindaweni zasemakhaya.
5. Seyenziwe inqubekelaphambili kwezemfundo nocwaningo lwama-parasports.I-China ifake ama-parasports emfundweni ekhethekile, ukuqeqeshwa kothisha, nezinhlelo zemfundo yomzimba, futhi yasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhungo zocwaningo zama-parasports. I-China Administration of Sports for Persons Disabilities, Ikomidi Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezemidlalo le-China Disability Research Society, kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo lwe-parasports emakolishi amaningi namanyuvesi, zakha amandla amakhulu kwezemfundo nocwaningo lwama-parasports. Uhlelo lokutshala ithalente le-parasports seluqalile. Amanye amanyuvesi namakolishi avule izifundo zokukhetha ama-parasports. Idlanzana lochwepheshe be-parasport selitshaliwe. Inkulu inqubekelaphambili eseyenziwe ocwaningweni lwama-parasports. Kusukela ngo-2021, amaphrojekthi we-parasports angaphezu kwama-20 abesekelwa Isikhwama Sikazwelonke Sesayensi Yezenhlalakahle sase-China.
III. Ukusebenza kuma-Parasports Kuthuthuka Ngokuqhubekayo
Abantu abakhubazekile baya ngokuya besebenza kwezemidlalo. Bayanda abasubathi abakhubazekile abangenele imidlalo yasekhaya naphesheya. Bafuna ukubhekana nezinselele, ukuphishekela ukuzithuthukisa, ukubonisa umoya wokungahlulwa, nokulwela ukuphila okumangalisayo nokuphumelelayo.
1. Abasubathi bama-parasports aseShayina benze okuncomekayo emicimbini emikhulu yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe.Kusukela ngo-1987, abasubathi baseShayina abakhubazeke ngokobuhlakani babambe iqhaza emidlalweni eyisishiyagalolunye yama-Olympics Akhethekile Omhlaba Wasehlobo kanye neMidlalo Yasebusika Yama-Olympics Akhethekile Ayisikhombisa. Ngo-1989, abasubathi abayizithulu baseShayina badlala okokuqala ngqa eMidlalweni Yomhlaba Yezithulu Ye-16 eChristchurch eNew Zealand. Ngo-2007, ithimba lamaShayina lathola indondo yethusi kuma-Winter Deaflympics e-16 e-Salt Lake City e-United States - indondo yokuqala eyatholwa abasubathi baseShayina kulo mcimbi. Kamuva, abasubathi baseShayina bathole ukudlala okuvelele kuma-Deaflympics ambalwa Asehlobo Nasebusika. Baphinde babamba iqhaza elibonakalayo emicimbini yezemidlalo yase-Asia yabakhubazekile futhi bazuza izindondo eziningi. Ngo-1984, abasubathi abangu-24 bethimba le-Chinese Paralympic baqhudelana ku-Athletics, Swimming and Table Tennis kuma-Seventh Summer Paralympics eNew York, futhi babuya nezindondo ezingama-24, okuhlanganisa namagolide amabili, okudala umdlandla wezemidlalo kubantu abakhubazekile eChina. Kuma-Summer Paralympics alandelayo, ukusebenza kweThimba laseShayina kubonise ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo. Ngo-2004, kuma-Paralympics Ehlobo e-12 e-Athens, ithimba laseShayina lawina izindondo ezingu-141, okuhlanganisa namagolide angu-63, lakleliswa kuqala kuzo zombili izindondo kanye namagolide awina. Ngo-2021, kuma-Summer Paralympics e-16 e-Tokyo, iThimba LaseShayina lathola izindondo ezingama-207, okuhlanganisa namagolide angama-96, okudlula zonke izibalo zendondo yegolide kanye nokuma kwendondo sekukonke okwesihlanu kulandelana. Ngesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-13 Lweminyaka Emihlanu (2016-2020), i-China yathumela izithunywa zabasubathi abakhubazekile ukuba zibambe iqhaza emicimbini yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe engu-160, nokuletha ekhaya isamba sezindondo zegolide eziyi-1,114.
2. Umthelela wemicimbi yezemidlalo yezwe lonke ulokhu ukhula.Kusukela i-China yahlela iMidlalo Yabantu Abakhubazekile (i-NGPD) yokuqala ngo-1984, sekubanjwe imicimbi enjalo engu-11, nenani lezemidlalo lenyuka lisuka kwemithathu (Athletics, Swimming and Table Tennis) laya kwangu-34. Kusukela emidlalweni yesithathu ngo-1992, i-NGPD ifakwe ohlwini njengomcimbi wezemidlalo omkhulu ogunyazwe uMkhandlu Wombuso futhi obanjwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emine. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukumiswa kanye nokumiswa kwemidlalo ye-parasport e-China. Ngo-2019, i-Tianjin isingathe i-NGPD yeshumi (kanye neMidlalo Yama-Olympic Kazwelonke Yesikhombisa) kanye neMidlalo Kazwelonke yaseChina. Lokhu kwenza idolobha libe ngelokuqala ukusingatha i-NGPD kanye neMidlalo Yezwelonke yaseChina. Ngo-2021, uShaanxi usingathe i-NGPD yeshumi nanye (kanye neMidlalo Yama-Olympic Kazwelonke Yesishiyagalombili) kanye neMidlalo Kazwelonke yaseChina. Bekungokokuqala ukuthi i-NGPD ibanjelwe edolobheni elifanayo futhi ngonyaka ofanayo neMidlalo Yezwe YaseShayina. Lokhu kwavumela ukuhlela nokuqaliswa okuvunyelanisiwe futhi yomibili imidlalo ibe yimpumelelo ngokulinganayo. Ngaphandle kwe-NGPD, i-China iphinde ihlele imicimbi yezwe ngayinye yezigaba ezifana nabagijimi abangaboni, abagijimi abayizithulu, nabasubathi abanokukhubazeka kwemilenze, ngenhloso yokubandakanya abantu abaningi abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhubazeka emisebenzini yezemidlalo. Ngokusebenzisa le midlalo kazwelonke yabantu abakhubazekile njalo, izwe seliqeqeshe inqwaba yabasubathi abakhubazekile futhi lathuthukisa amakhono abo kwezemidlalo.
3. Abasubathi baseShayina bakhombisa amandla akhulayo emidlalweni yamaParalympic yasebusika.Ibhidi eyimpumelelo yase-China yeMidlalo Yasebusika Yabantu Abakhubazekile yango-2022 ikhiqize amathuba amahle okuthuthukiswa kwezemidlalo zayo ze-Winter Paralympic. Izwe likubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekulungiseleleni ama-Winter Paralympics. Idizayine futhi yaqalisa uchungechunge lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, yaqhubekela phambili nokuhlela imicimbi yezemidlalo, futhi yaxhumanisa ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuqeqesha, ukusekelwa kwemishini, kanye nezinsizakalo zocwaningo. Ihlele amakamu okuqeqesha ukuze ikhethe abasubathi abavelele, yaqinisa ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi zezobuchwepheshe, yaqasha abaqeqeshi abanekhono basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, yasungula amaqembu esizwe aqeqeshayo, futhi yakhuthaza ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe. Yonke imidlalo eyisithupha ye-Winter Paralympic - i-Alpine Skiing, i-Biathlon, i-Cross-Country Skiing, i-Snowboard, i-Ice Hockey, ne-Wheelchair Curling - ifakiwe ku-NGPD, eqhubekisele phambili imisebenzi yezemidlalo yasebusika ezifundazweni ezingu-29 kanye namayunithi okuphatha afanayo.
Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2021, inani lemidlalo ye-Winter Paralympic e-China likhuphuke lisuka ku-2 laya ku-6, ukuze yonke imidlalo ye-Winter Paralympic manje ihlanganiswe. Inani labasubathi lenyuke lisuka kwabangaphansi kwama-50 laya cishe kwabangu-1,000, kanye nelezikhulu zezobuchwepheshe lisuka ku-0 laya kwabangaphezu kuka-100. Kusukela ngo-2018, imiqhudelwano kazwelonke yaminyaka yonke yemicimbi yezemidlalo kuma-Winter Paralympics ibanjiwe, futhi le micimbi yezemidlalo ifakiwe ku-2019. kanye no-2021 NGPD. Abasubathi be-parasports baseShayina babambe iqhaza Emidlalweni Yase-Winter Paralympic kusukela ngo-2016, futhi bawine izindondo zegolide ezingama-47, zesiliva ezingama-54, nezingu-52 zethusi. Emidlalweni Yase-Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games, abasubathi abangama-96 abavela e-China bazobamba iqhaza kuyo yonke imidlalo eyisi-6 nemicimbi engama-73. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games, inani labasubathi lizokhula ngaphezu kuka-80, inani lezemidlalo ngo-4, kanye nenani lemicimbi ngo-67.
4. Izindlela zokuqeqeshwa nokusekelwa kwabasubathi ziyathuthuka.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuncintisana okunobulungiswa, abasubathi be-parasports bahlukaniswa ngokwezokwelapha nangokusebenza ngokwezigaba zabo kanye nemidlalo ebafanele. Uhlelo lokuqeqesha abasubathi be-parasports olunezigaba ezine selusunguliwe futhi lwathuthukiswa, lapho izinga lesifunda linesibopho sokuhlonza nokukhethwa, ukuqeqeshwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinga ledolobha, izinga lesifundazwe lokuqeqeshwa okujulile nokubamba iqhaza kwemidlalo, kanye nezinga likazwelonke. ukuze kuqeqeshwe ithalente elibalulekile. Kuhlelelwe imincintiswano yokukhetha intsha kanye nezinkambu zokuqeqesha ukuze kuqeqeshwe ithalente labagciniwe.
Imizamo emikhulu yenziwe ukwakha ithimba labaqeqeshi be-parasports, onompempe, abahlukanisa izigaba nabanye ochwepheshe. Kwakhiwe izizinda zokuqeqesha zama-parasports, futhi izisekelo zokuqeqesha zikazwelonke ezingama-45 seziqokelwe ama-parasports, ezihlinzeka ngosizo kanye nezinsizakalo zocwaningo, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokuncintisana. Ohulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga bathathe izinyathelo zokubhekana nezinkinga zemfundo, ukuqashwa kanye nokuvikeleka komphakathi kubasubathi bama-parasports, nokwenza umsebenzi wokuhlola wokubhalisa abasubathi abasezingeni eliphezulu ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme ngaphandle kokuhlolwa.Izinyathelo Zokuphathwa Kwemicimbi Nemisebenzi Ye-Parasportszikhishelwe ukukhuthaza ukuhleleka nokuthuthuka kwemidlalo yama-parasports. Ukuziphatha kweParasports kuqinisiwe. I-Doping nokunye ukwephulwa kwemithetho akuvunyelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubulungisa nobulungiswa kuma-parasports.
IV. Inikela kumaParasports Amazwe Ngamazwe
I-China evulekile ithatha ngenkuthalo izibopho zayo zamazwe ngamazwe. Iphumelele ukusingatha i-Beijing 2008 Summer Paralympics, i-Shanghai Special Olympics World Summer Games, i-Sixth Far East kanye ne-South Pacific Games for Disabled, kanye ne-Guangzhou 2010 Asian Para Games, futhi yenza amalungiselelo aphelele oBusika be-Paralympic baseBeijing 2022. Imidlalo kanye ne-Hangzhou 2022 Asian Para Games. Lokhu kunike amandla amakhulu emkhankasweni wabakhubazekile eShayina futhi kwaba negalelo elimangalisayo kuma-parasports omhlaba. I-China izibandakanye ngokugcwele ezindabeni zamazwe ngamazwe ezemidlalo yabakhubazekile futhi iyaqhubeka nokuqinisa ukuhwebelana nokubambisana namanye amazwe kanye nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zabantu abakhubazekile, ukwakha ubungane phakathi kwabantu bawo wonke amazwe, kuhlanganise nalabo abakhubazekile.
1. Imicimbi yemidlalo eminingi yase-Asia yabakhubazekile ihlelwe ngempumelelo.Ngo-1994, iBeijing yabamba iMidlalo Yesithupha yaseMpumalanga Ekude kanye neyaseNingizimu Pacific yabakhubazekile, lapho ingqikithi yabasubathi abangu-1,927 abavela emazweni angu-42 nezifunda baba yingxenye, okwenza kwaba umcimbi omkhulu kakhulu emlandweni wale midlalo ngaleso sikhathi. Bekungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi iChina ibambe umcimbi wamazwe omhlaba wemidlalo eyahlukene yabakhubazekile. Ibonise impumelelo yeShayina ekuguquleni nasekuvuleni nasekuthuthukiseni isimanje, yanikeza wonke umphakathi ukuqonda okujulile komsebenzi wayo kwabakhubazekile, yathuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zaseShayina zabantu abakhubazekile, futhi yaphakamisa igama Leminyaka Eyishumi Yabakhubazekile yase-Asia nePacific. Abantu.
Ngo-2010, i-First Asian Para Games yabanjelwa e-Guangzhou, yahanjelwa abasubathi abavela emazweni nezifunda ezingama-41. Lona bekuwumcimbi wokuqala wezemidlalo obanjwe ngemuva kokuhlelwa kabusha kwezinhlangano ze-Asian parasports. Bekungokokuqala futhi ukuthi i-Asian Para Games ibanjelwe edolobheni elifanayo futhi ngonyaka ofanayo neMidlalo Yase-Asia, iphromotha indawo engenazithiyo e-Guangzhou. I-Asian Para Games yasiza ukukhombisa amandla ezemidlalo kwabakhubazekile, yakha umoya ozwakalayo wokusiza abantu abakhubazekile ukuba bahlanganiswe kangcono nomphakathi, yasiza abantu abaningi abakhubazekile ukuba babelane ngezithelo zentuthuko, futhi yathuthukisa izinga lama-parasports e-Asia.
Ngo-2022, i-Fourth Asian Para Games izobanjelwa e-Hangzhou. Babalelwa ku-3,800 abasubathi bama-parasport abavela emazweni angaphezu kuka-40 nasezifundeni bazoqhudelana emicimbini engama-604 emidlalweni engama-22. Le midlalo izokhuthaza ngamandla ubungane nokubambisana e-Asia.
2. Imidlalo Yasehlobo Yomhlaba Yama-Olympics Akhethekile Yango-2007 ibe yimpumelelo enkulu.Ngo-2007, Imidlalo Yasehlobo Ye-12 Yama-Olympics Akhethekile ibanjelwe e-Shanghai, yaheha abasubathi nabaqeqeshi abangaphezu kuka-10,000 abavela emazweni nezifunda ezingu-164 ukuthi baqhudelane kwezemidlalo engu-25. Bekungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi izwe elisathuthuka libambe Imidlalo Yasehlobo Yomhlaba Yama-Olympic Akhethekile futhi kwakungokokuqala ukuthi le midlalo ibanjelwe e-Asia. Kukhuphule ukuzethemba kwabantu abakhubazekile ngokomqondo emizamweni yabo yokuzihlanganisa nomphakathi, futhi kwakhuthaza ama-Special Olympics e-China.
Ukuphawula i-Shanghai Special Olympics World Summer Games, Julayi 20, usuku lokuvula lomcimbi, yaqokwa njengoSuku Lukazwelonke Lwama-Olympics Akhethekile. Inhlangano yamavolontiya ebizwa ngokuthi “Ikhaya Lelanga” yasungulwa e-Shanghai ukuze isize abantu abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo ukuthi bathole ukuqeqeshwa kokubuyisela esimweni esihle, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemfundo, ukunakekelwa kwasemini, nokuvuselelwa kwemisebenzi yezandla. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu okuhlangenwe nakho, uhlelo lwe-“Sunshine Home” lwasatshalaliswa ezweni lonke ukuze lusekele izikhungo zokunakekela kanye nemizi ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo nosizo kubantu abakhubazeke ngokomqondo noma ngokwengqondo kanye nabakhubazeke kakhulu.
3. Imidlalo ye-Beijing 2008 Paralympic yalethwa ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.Ngo-2008, i-Beijing isingathe imidlalo ye-13 yama-Paralympic, yaheha abasubathi abangu-4,032 abavela emazweni nezifunda ezingu-147 ukuthi baqhudelane emicimbini engu-472 emidlalweni engu-20. Inani labasubathi ababambe iqhaza, amazwe nezifunda kanye nenani lemicimbi yemiqhudelwano konke kufinyelele irekhodi eliphezulu emlandweni weMidlalo Yabantu Abakhubazekile. Imidlalo yama-Paralympic yangowezi-2008 yenza i-Beijing yaba idolobha lokuqala emhlabeni ukubhidela kanye nokusingatha iMidlalo Yama-Olympic kanye Nemidlalo Yabantu Abakhubazekile ngasikhathi sinye; I-Beijing yafeza isithembiso sayo sokubeka “imidlalo emibili yobukhazikhazi obulinganayo”, futhi yaletha imidlalo yama-Paralympics eyingqayizivele ngamazinga aphezulu kakhulu. Isiqubulo sayo esithi “ukudlulela phambili, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokwabelana” sibonisa igalelo leShayina kumagugu enhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe yamaParalympic Movement. Le midlalo ishiye ifa elicebile ezikhungweni zemidlalo, ezokuthutha zasemadolobheni, izindawo ezifinyeleleka kalula, kanye nezinsizakalo zokuzithandela, ezimele inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile emsebenzini waseShayina wabantu abakhubazekile.
I-Beijing yakha inqwaba yezikhungo zesevisi ezijwayelekile eziqanjwe ngokuthi “Ikhaya Elimnandi” ukusiza abakhubazekile kanye nemindeni yabo ukuthi bajabulele ukufinyelela ekuhlumelelweni kwezandla, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemfundo, ukunakekelwa kwasemini, kanye nezokungcebeleka nezemidlalo, nokudala izimo zokuba bahlanganyele emphakathini ngokulinganayo. isisekelo.
Ukuqonda komphakathi ngokuhlinzekwa kwabakhubazekile kanye nemidlalo yabo kwenyukile. Imiqondo “yokulingana, ukubamba iqhaza kanye nokwabelana” iyakhula, kuyilapho ukuqonda, ukuhlonipha, ukusiza, nokunakekela abakhubazekile sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba emphakathini. I-China isifezile isithembiso sayo emphakathini wamazwe ngamazwe. Iqhubekisele phambili umoya wama-Olympic wobumbano, ubungane nokuthula, yathuthukisa ukuqondana kanye nobungane phakathi kwabantu bawo wonke amazwe, yenza isiqubulo esithi “Izwe Elilodwa, Iphupho Elilodwa” sazwakala emhlabeni wonke, futhi sazuza udumo olukhulu emphakathini wamazwe ngamazwe.
4. I-China yenza konke okusemandleni ayo ukulungiselela i-Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games.Ngo-2015, kanye no-Zhangjiakou, i-Beijing yawina isicelo sokusingatha iMidlalo Yasebusika Yama-Olympic kanye Ne-Paralympic Yasebusika yango-2022. Lokhu kwenze idolobha libe ngelokuqala ngqa ukusingatha ama-Paralympics Asehlobo Nasebusika, futhi kwadala amathuba amakhulu entuthuko yama-parasport asebusika. I-China yazibophezela ekuhleleni umcimbi wezemidlalo “oluhlaza, obandakanyayo, ovulekile nohlanzekile,” kanye nalowo “ohlelekile, ophephile futhi omuhle kakhulu”. Kuze kube manje izwe lenze yonke imizamo yokuxhumana nokusebenzisana ne-International Paralympic Committee kanye nezinye izinhlangano zezemidlalo zamazwe ngamazwe ekusebenziseni zonke izimiso zokulawula nokuvimbela i-Covid-19. Amalungiselelo anemininingwane enziwe okuhlelwa Kwemidlalo kanye nezinsiza ezihlobene, ukuze kusetshenziswe isayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nemisebenzi yamasiko phakathi neMidlalo.
Ngo-2019, iBeijing yethula uhlelo olukhethekile lokukhuthaza indawo engenazithiyo, igxile emisebenzini emikhulu engu-17 yokulungisa izinkinga ezindaweni ezibalulekile njengemigwaqo yasemadolobheni, izithuthi zomphakathi, izindawo zezinsizakalo zomphakathi kanye nokushintshisana ngolwazi. Sekuguquliwe izikhungo nezindawo eziyizi-336,000, okuqaphela ukufinyeleleka okuyisisekelo endaweni eyinhloko yenhloko-dolobha, okwenza indawo yakhona engenazithiyo ifane, ikwazi ukuhlaliswa futhi ibe nesistimu. U-Zhangjiakou uphinde wanakekela ngenkuthalo indawo engenazithiyo, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okubonakalayo kokufinyeleleka.
I-China isungule futhi yathuthukisa uhlelo lwezemidlalo lwasebusika olunemidlalo yeqhwa neqhwa njengensika, ukukhuthaza abantu abaningi abakhubazekile ukuba bahlanganyele emidlalweni yasebusika. I-Beijing Paralympic Winter Games izobanjwa kusukela ngoMashi 4 kuya ku-13, 2022. Kusukela ngomhla ka-Febhruwari 20, 2022, abasubathi abangu-647 abavela emazweni nezifunda ezingu-48 babhalisiwe futhi bazoqhudelana kule Midlalo. I-China ikulungele ngokugcwele ukwamukela abasubathi abavela emhlabeni wonke emiDlalweni.
5. I-China ibamba iqhaza ngokugcwele kuma-parasports wamazwe ngamazwe.Ukusebenzelana okukhulu kwamazwe ngamazwe kuvumela i-China ukuthi idlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuma-parasports wamazwe ngamazwe. Izwe linezwi elikhulu ezindabeni ezifanele, futhi ithonya lalo liyakhula. Kusukela ngo-1984, i-China isijoyine izinhlangano eziningi zezemidlalo zamazwe ngamazwe zabantu abakhubazekile, kuhlanganise ne-International Paralympic Committee (IPC), International Organizations of Sports for the Disabled (IOSDs), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association. (CPISRA), Ikomidi Lamazwe Ngamazwe Lezemidlalo Labayizithulu (ICSD), I-International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS), Special Olympics International (SOI), kanye neFar East and South Pacific Games Federation for Disabled (FESPIC).
Isungule ubudlelwano obunobungani nezinhlangano zezemidlalo zabakhubazekile emazweni nasezifundeni eziningi. I-National Paralympic Committee of China (NPCC), China Sports Association for the Deaf, kanye nama-Special Olympics e-China asephenduke amalungu abalulekile ezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zemidlalo yabakhubazekile. I-China ibambe iqhaza ngokuqhubekayo ezingqungqutheleni ezibalulekile zezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe yabakhubazekile, njenge-IPC General Assembly, ezodweba inkambo yentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo. Izikhulu zamapharasport aseShayina, onompempe kanye nongoti baqokwe njengamalungu esigungu esiphezulu kanye namakomiti ayisipesheli e-FESPIC, ICSD, kanye ne-IBSA. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono ezemidlalo kwabakhubazekile, i-China iye yancoma futhi yaqoka ochwepheshe abazosebenza njengezikhulu zobuchwepheshe kanye nonompempe bamazwe ngamazwe bezinhlangano zezemidlalo zamazwe ngamazwe ezifanele zabakhubazekile.
6. Ukuhwebelana okukhulu kwamazwe ngamazwe kuma-parasport kwenziwe.I-China yaqala ukuthumela ithimba kuMidlalo Yesithathu ye-FESPIC ngo-1982 - okokuqala ngqa ukuthi abasubathi baseShayina abakhubazekile baqhudelane emcimbini wezemidlalo wamazwe ngamazwe. I-China ibambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ukuhwebelana nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nemidlalo yezemidlalo, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhwebelana kwabantu ebudlelwaneni bamazwe amabili kanye nezindlela zokubambisana zamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa i-Belt and Road Initiative kanye neForamu Yokubambisana kwe-China-Afrika.
Ngo-2017, i-China isingathe Umcimbi Wezinga Eliphezulu Lokubambisana Nokukhubazeka Kwe-Belt and Road futhi yakhipha isinyathelo sokugqugquzela ukubambisana nokuhwebelana ngokukhubazeka phakathi kwamazwe ase-Belt and Road kanye neminye imibhalo, futhi yasungula inethiwekhi yokubambisana ekwabelaneni ngezinsiza zezemidlalo nezinsiza. Lokhu kubandakanya izikhungo zokuqeqesha ezingeni likazwelonke ezingama-45 zamapharamitha emidlalo yasehlobo nasebusika avulekele abasubathi nabaqeqeshi abavela emazweni aseBelt and Road. Ngo-2019, kwabanjwa inkundla yezemidlalo ngaphansi kohlaka lwe-Belt and Road ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufunda ngokuhlanganyela phakathi kwezinhlangano zezemidlalo ezihlukene zabantu abakhubazekile, nokuhlinzeka ngemodeli yokuhwebelana nokubambisana emkhakheni wama-parasports. Ngawo lowo nyaka, i-NPCC yasayina izivumelwano zokubambisana zamasu namakomiti amaParalympic aseFinland, eRussia, eGreece nakwamanye amazwe. Khonamanjalo, inani elikhulayo lokushintshana ngemidlalo yezemidlalo yenzeke phakathi kweChina namanye amazwe edolobheni nakwamanye amazinga endawo.
V. Izimpumelelo ku-Parasports Zibonisa Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamalungelo Abantu baseShayina
Izimpumelelo ezimangalisayo zama-parasports e-China zibonisa kokubili ubuqhawe bezemidlalo kanye nekhono lezemidlalo labakhubazekile, kanye nenqubekelaphambili eyenziwa yi-China kumalungelo abantu kanye nentuthuko yezwe. I-China ibambelela endleleni egxile kubantu ephatha inhlalakahle yabantu njengelungelo lomuntu oyinhloko, ekhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamalungelo abantu nxazonke, futhi ivikele ngempumelelo amalungelo nezintshisakalo zamaqembu asengozini, kuhlanganisa nabantu abakhubazekile. Ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo kuyisici esibalulekile selungelo lokuziphilisa kanye nentuthuko yalabo abakhubazekile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-parasports kuhambisana nentuthuko jikelele yaseShayina; isabela ngempumelelo ezidingweni zabantu abakhubazekile futhi ithuthukisa impilo yabo engokomzimba neyengqondo. I-Parasports iyisithombe esicacile sentuthuko nenqubekela phambili yamalungelo abantu e-China. Bakhuthaza izindinganiso ezivamile zobuntu, ukuhwebelana kusengaphambili, ukuqonda nobungane phakathi kwabantu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi banikele ngokuhlakanipha kweShayina ekwakheni uhlelo lokubusa komhlaba wonke olunobulungiswa, olunobulungiswa, olunengqondo nolubandakanyayo oluphathelene namalungelo abantu, kanye nokugcina ukuthula nentuthuko emhlabeni.
1. I-China ibambelela endleleni egxile kubantu futhi ikhuthaza impilo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo yabantu abakhubazekile.I-China isekela indlela egxile kubantu ekuvikeleni amalungelo abantu, futhi ivikela amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabantu abakhubazekile ngentuthuko. Izwe lifake izinhlelo zabantu abakhubazekile emasu alo entuthuko futhi lafinyelela umgomo “wokwakha umphakathi ophumelelayo ngokusesilinganisweni ngazo zonke izindlela, kungashiyi muntu emuva, okuhlanganisa nabakhubazekile”. Ezemidlalo ziyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa impilo yabantu nokuhlangabezana nesifiso sabo sempilo engcono. Kulabo abakhubazekile, ukuhlanganyela kwezemidlalo kungasiza ukwakha ubungqabavu futhi kunciphise futhi kususe ukukhubazeka kokusebenza. Kungakhuphula ikhono lomuntu lokuzisekela, ukuphishekela izinto azithandayo kanye nokuzilibazisa, ukukhulisa ukuxhumana nomphakathi, ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo, kanye nokuzuza amandla abo okuphila.
I-China ibheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuvikeleni ilungelo lempilo yabantu abakhubazekile futhi igcizelela ukuthi "wonke umuntu okhubazekile kufanele athole izinsiza zokuhlunyeleliswa". Imidlalo yabakhubazekile ifakwe ezinsizeni zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo. Ohulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga baye bahlola izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzela abantu abakhubazekile emazingeni aphansi, futhi benza imisebenzi yokuvuselela nokuqina ngendlela yezemidlalo. Ezikoleni, abafundi abakhubazekile baqinisekisiwe ukubamba iqhaza okulinganayo kwezemidlalo emzamweni wokuqinisekisa impilo yabo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwabo okuzwakalayo. Abakhubazekile banesiqinisekiso esinamandla selungelo lempilo ngokwenza imisebenzi yomzimba.
2. I-China isekela ukulingana nokuhlanganiswa kwabantu abakhubazekile esimweni sezimo zikazwelonke.I-China njalo isebenzisa isimiso sokusebenza emhlabeni wonke kwamalungelo abantu kumongo wezimo zezwe, futhi ikholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi amalungelo okuphila nentuthuko angamalungelo abantu ayisisekelo nayisisekelo. Ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yabantu, ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi bangongcweti bezwe, kanye nokukhuthaza intuthuko yabo nxazonke kuyizinjongo ezibalulekile, futhi iShayina isebenza ngokuzikhandla ukusekela ukulingana komphakathi kanye nobulungiswa.
Imithetho nemithetho yaseShayina ibeka ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile banelungelo lokuhlanganyela ngokulinganayo emisebenzini yamasiko nezemidlalo. Ngenxa yalokho, abakhubazekile bajabulela ukuvikeleka okuqinile kwamalungelo futhi banikezwa usizo olukhethekile. I-China yakhe futhi yathuthukisa izikhungo zezemidlalo zomphakathi, yahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezihlobene, futhi yaqinisekisa izinsiza zezemidlalo zomphakathi ezilinganayo kubantu abakhubazekile. Iphinde yamukela ezinye izindlela eziqinile zokudala indawo efinyeleleka kalula kwezemidlalo - ukulungisa izindawo zezemidlalo nezinsiza ukuze kufinyeleleke kalula kwabakhubazekile, ukuthuthukisa nokuvula izinkundla zemidlalo kanye nezindawo zokuvivinya umzimba kubo bonke abantu abakhubazekile, ukunikeza ukwesekwa okudingekayo ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwalezi zikhungo. , kanye nokuqeda imigoqo yangaphandle evimbela ukuhlanganyela kwabo ngokugcwele kwezemidlalo.
Imicimbi yezemidlalo efana ne-Beijing Paralympic Games iholele ekubambeni iqhaza okukhulu kwabakhubazekile emisebenzini yezenhlalo, hhayi kwezemidlalo kuphela kodwa nasezindabeni zezomnotho, zezenhlalo, zamasiko nezemvelo, kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwamadolobha nesifunda. Izindawo ezinkulu zama-parasports kulo lonke elase-China ziyaqhubeka nokusebenzela abakhubazekile ngemva kokuphela kwemicimbi, ziba imodeli yokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha okungenazithiyo.
Ukuze kukhushulwe ukubamba iqhaza kwabakhubazekile emisebenzini yobuciko nezemidlalo yomphakathi, iziphathimandla zendawo ziye zathuthukisa izikhungo zezemidlalo zomphakathi, zanakekela futhi zasekela izinhlangano zabo zezemidlalo nezobuciko, zathenga izinsiza ezihlukahlukene zezenhlalakahle, futhi zasingatha imidlalo ehlanganisa abakhubazekile nalabo abasezikhundleni. Impilo enhle. Izinhlangano nama-ejensi afanelekile asungule futhi aqhakambisa amathuluzi amancane okuvuselela nokuqina afanele izimo zendawo futhi enzelwe abantu abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhubazeka. Baphinde bakha futhi banikeza izinhlelo nezindlela ezidumile.
Abakhubazekile bangabamba iqhaza ngokugcwele kwezemidlalo ukuze bahlole imikhawulo yamandla abo futhi beqe imingcele. Ngobunye nokusebenza kanzima, bangajabulela ukulingana nokubamba iqhaza nokuphila okuphumelelayo. Ama-Parasports akhuthaza izimiso zamasiko endabuko yamaShayina njengokuzwana, ukufakwa, ukunakekela impilo, nokusiza ababuthaka, futhi akhuthaze abantu abaningi abakhubazekile ukuba bakhe uthando lwama-parasport futhi baqale ukubamba iqhaza. Ukukhombisa ukuzethemba, ukuzethemba, ukuzimela, namandla, baqhubekisela phambili umoya wezemidlalo yaseShayina. Babonisa ubungqabavu kanye nesimilo sabo ngezemidlalo, bavikela kangcono amalungelo abo okulingana nokubamba iqhaza emphakathini.
3. I-China ibheka ukubaluleka okulinganayo kuwo wonke amalungelo abantu ukuze kuzuzwe intuthuko yawo wonke abantu abakhubazekile.I-Parasports isibuko esibonisa izinga lokuphila namalungelo abantu abakhubazekile. I-China iqinisekisa amalungelo abo ezomnotho, ezombusazwe, ezenhlalakahle kanye namasiko, ibeka isisekelo esiqinile sokuba babambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo, basebenze kweminye imikhakha, futhi bazuze intuthuko yonke. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa intando yeningi yabantu enenqubo yonke, iShayina iye yacela iziphakamiso kwabakhubazekile, abameleli babo, nezinhlangano zabo, ukuze yenze uhlelo lwezemidlalo lukazwelonke lulingane futhi lubandakanye.
Izinsizakalo eziningi zabantu abakhubazekile ziye zaqiniswa futhi zathuthukiswa: ukuphepha komphakathi, izinsizakalo zezenhlalakahle, imfundo, ilungelo lokuqashwa, izinsizakalo zomthetho zomphakathi, ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo abo siqu kanye nempahla, kanye nemizamo yokuqeda ukucwasa. Abasubathi abavelele emkhakheni we-parasport bahlezi benconywa, kanjalo nabantu nezinhlangano ezibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwamapharasport.
Ukusakazwa kwabantu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ama-parasports kuqinisiwe, kwasakazwa imiqondo emisha nezitayela ngokusebenzisa imigudu nezindlela ezehlukene, nokudala indawo ekahle yomphakathi. Umphakathi jikelele uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwamagugu e-Paralympic "isibindi, ukuzimisela, ugqozi kanye nokulingana". Bakhuthaza imibono yokulingana, ukuhlanganiswa, nokuqedwa kwezithiyo, banesithakazelo esikhulu ezenzweni eziphathelene nabantu abakhubazekile, futhi bayabasekela.
Kunokuhlanganyela okubanzi komphakathi emicimbini efana neviki Lokufaneleka Labantu Abakhubazekile, Iviki Lamasiko Labantu Abakhubazekile, Usuku Lukazwelonke Olukhethekile Lwe-Olympic, kanye Nesizini Yemidlalo Yasebusika Yabantu Abakhubazekile. Imisebenzi efana noxhaso, izinsizakalo zamavolontiya namaqembu ajabulayo isekela futhi ikhuthaze abantu abakhubazekile ukuba babambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo futhi babelane ngezinzuzo ezilethwa inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi.
I-Parasports isize ekwakheni isimo esikhuthaza umphakathi wonkana ukuthi uhloniphe kangcono futhi uqinisekise isithunzi semvelo namalungelo alinganayo abantu abakhubazekile. Ngokwenza kanjalo babe negalelo eliphumelelayo ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi.
4. I-China ikhuthaza ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhwebelana kuma-parasports.I-China isekela ukufunda nokuxoxisana phakathi kwempucuko, futhi ibheka ama-parasport njengengxenye enkulu yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe phakathi kwabakhubazekile. Njengamandla amakhulu kwezemidlalo, i-China idlala indima ekhulayo ezindabeni ze-parasports zamazwe ngamazwe, ikhuthaza ngamandla ukuthuthukiswa kwama-parasports esifundeni nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Ukudlondlobala kwemidlalo yezemidlalo eChina kuwumphumela wokuqalisa ukusebenza kahle kwezweIsivumelwano Samalungelo Abantu Abakhubazekile, kanye ne-UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. I-China ihlonipha ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlelo zamasiko, ezemidlalo nezenhlalakahle zamanye amazwe, futhi ikhuthaza ukulingana nobulungiswa emisebenzini nemithetho yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe. Lenze iminikelo engenamibandela eSikhwameni Sokuthuthukiswa Kwekomidi Lama-Paralympic Lamazwe Ngamazwe, futhi yakhe ingqalasizinda yezemidlalo kanye nendlela yokwabelana ngezinsiza, futhi yavula izikhungo zayo zokuqeqesha ama-parasports zikazwelonke kubasubathi abakhubazekile nabaqeqeshi abavela kwamanye amazwe.
I-China ikhuthaza abantu abakhubazekile ukuthi bahlanganyele emidlalweni yamazwe ngamazwe esabalele, ukuze kwandiswe ukuhwebelana phakathi kwabantu, ukuthuthukisa ukuqondana nokuxhumana, ukusondeza abantu bamazwe ahlukahlukene, bazuze ukubusa kwamalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke okunobulungisa, okunengqondo nokuhlanganisayo, kanye ukuthuthukisa ukuthula nentuthuko emhlabeni.
I-China isekela ubuntu kanye nokusebenzelana kwamazwe ngamazwe, igcizelela ukuthi bonke abakhubazekile bangamalungu alinganayo omndeni wesintu, futhi ikhuthaza ukubambisana nokuhwebelana kwamapharasport wamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu kunomthelela ekufundeni ngokubambisana ngokushintshana phakathi kwempucuko, kanye nokwakhiwa komphakathi womhlaba wonke wekusasa elihlanganyelwe.
Isiphetho
Ukunakekelwa okunikezwa abakhubazekile kuwuphawu lwenqubekelaphambili yomphakathi. Ukuthuthukisa ama-parasport kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni abantu abakhubazekile ukuba bazakhele ukuzethemba, ukuzethemba, ukuzimela, namandla, futhi baphishekele ukuzithuthukisa. Kuqhubekisela phambili umoya wokuzivuselela futhi kudala isimo esikhuthaza wonke umphakathi ukuba uqonde, uhloniphe, unakekele futhi usekele abantu abakhubazekile kanye nenhloso yabo. Ikhuthaza abantu ukuthi basebenzisane ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko yomhlaba wonke kanye nokuchuma okujwayelekile kwabakhubazekile.
Kusukela kwasungulwa i-PRC, futhi ikakhulukazi kulandela iNgqungquthela Kazwelonke ye-CPC ye-18, i-China yenze inqubekelaphambili emangalisayo kuma-parasports. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inqubekelaphambili ihlala ingalingani futhi inganele. Kunegebe elikhulu phakathi kwezifunda ezihlukene naphakathi kwezindawo zasemakhaya nezasemadolobheni, kanti amandla okuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ahlala enganele. Izinga lokubamba iqhaza ekuhlumelelweni kwezimilo, ukuqina kanye nemisebenzi yezemidlalo lidinga ukunyuswa, futhi ama-parasports asebusika kufanele adlondlobale nakakhulu. Mningi umsebenzi osamele wenziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwezemidlalo.
Ngaphansi kobuholi obuqinile beKomiti Enkulu ye-CPC eno-Xi Jinping eyinhloko, Iqembu kanye nohulumeni waseShayina bazoqhubeka nokusekela ifilosofi yentuthuko egxile kubantu ekwakheni i-China ibe izwe lesimanje lezenhlalakahle ngazo zonke izindlela. Ngeke bayeke umzamo wokunikeza usizo emaqenjini asengozini, baqinisekise ukuthi abakhubazekile bajabulela amalungelo alinganayo, futhi bathuthukise inhlalakahle yabo kanye namakhono abo okuzithuthukisa. Kuzothathwa izinyathelo eziqondile zokuhlonipha nokuvikela amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabantu abakhubazekile, okuhlanganisa nelungelo lokubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe imbangela yabantu abakhubazekile futhi kuhlangatshezwane nalokho abakulindele ekuphileni okungcono.
Umthombo: Xinhua
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-04-2022