Iinqwelomoya zaseTshayina:
Inkqubela kunye noKhuseleko lwamaLungelo
I-Ofisi yoLwazi yeBhunga leSizwe
kwiRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina
Imixholo
Intshayelelo
I. IiParasports ziqhubele phambili ngoPhuhliso lweSizwe
II. Imisebenzi yoMzimba yabantu abakhubazekileyo iye yaphumelela
III. Izinto ezenziwayo kwiiParasports ziyaphucuka ngokuthe chu
IV. Ukuba negalelo kwiiParasports zaMazwe ngaMazwe
V. Impumelelo kwiParasports ibonakalisa uPhuculo lwamaLungelo oLuntu lwaseTshayina
Ukuqukumbela
Intshayelelo
Imidlalo ibalulekile kubo bonke abantu, kuquka nabo bakhubazekileyo. Ukuphuhlisa iiparasports yindlela esebenzayo yokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba baphucule ukuqina komzimba, baqhubele phambili ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yentlalo, kunye nokufezekisa uphuhliso olujikelezayo. Ikwabonelela ngethuba elikhethekileyo kuluntu ukuba liqonde ngcono ukubanakho kunye nexabiso labantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza imvisiswano yoluntu kunye nenkqubela phambili. Ukongeza, ukuphuhlisa ii-parasports kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo banokuxhamla amalungelo alinganayo, badibanise ngokukhawuleza kuluntu, kwaye babelane ngeziqhamo zenkqubela phambili yezoqoqosho nezentlalo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo lilungelo elibalulekileyo labantu abakhubazekileyo kunye necandelo elibalulekileyo lokhuseleko lwamalungelo oluntu.
IKomiti ePhakathi yeQela lamaKomanisi laseChina (CPC) kunye ne-Xi Jinping engundoqo igxininisa ukubaluleka okukhulu kwisizathu sokukhubazeka, kwaye inikezela ngononophelo olubanzi. Ukususela kwiNkomfa yeSizwe ye-CPC ye-18 kwi-2012, ekhokelwa ngu-Xi Jinping Ingcamango kwi-Socialism kunye ne-Characteristics yaseShayina ye-Era eNtsha, i-China iye yafaka esi sizathu kwiSicwangciso esiHlangeneyo esiHlanu kunye neSicwangciso esiBanzi seSine, kwaye sithathe amanyathelo abambekayo kunye asebenzayo. ukuphuhlisa iiparasports. Ngokuhamba ngokuthe ngcembe kwemidlalo yeparasports eTshayina, iimbaleki ezininzi ezikhubazekileyo zisebenze nzima kwaye zazuzela ilizwe iwonga kwibala lamazwe ngamazwe, bekhuthaza uluntu ngobuchule babo kwezemidlalo. Inkqubela phambili yembali yenziwe ekuphuhliseni imidlalo yabantu abakhubazekileyo.
NgeMidlalo yaseBusika ye-Beijing ka-2022 yeParalympic ikufuphi nekona, iimbaleki ezikhubazekileyo ziphinde zatsala ingqalelo yehlabathi. Le midlalo ngokuqinisekileyo iza kubonelela ngethuba lokuphuhliswa kweeparasports eTshayina; ziya kwenza ukuba umbutho weparasports wamazwe ngamazwe uqhubele phambili “kunye ukwenzela ikamva ekwabelwana ngalo”.
I. IiParasports ziqhubele phambili ngoPhuhliso lweSizwe
Ukusukela ekusekweni kweRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina (PRC) ngo-1949, ngenxa yenguquko yobusoshiyali kunye nokwakhiwa ngokutsha, uhlaziyo kunye nokuvula, ukuphucuka kobusoshiyali, kunye nentlalontle eneempawu zaseTshayina kwixesha elitsha, kunye nokwenza inkqubela phambili kwinjongo yelizwe. abakhubazekileyo, ii-parasports ziye zakhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zaphumelela, zingena kwindlela ephethe iimpawu zeTshayina ezahlukileyo kwaye ihlonipha iintsingiselo zamaxesha.
1. Inkqubela-phambili ethe gqolo yenziwa kwiiparasports emva kokusekwa kwePRC.Ngokusekwa kwePRC, abantu baba ziinkosi zelizwe. Abantu abaneziphene banikwa iwonga lezopolitiko elilinganayo, bexhamla amalungelo asemthethweni kunye neembopheleleko njengabanye abemi. I1954 uMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayinayachaza ukuba “banelungelo loncedo lwezinto eziphathekayo”. Iifektri zentlalontle, amaziko entlalontle, izikolo zemfundo ekhethekileyo, imibutho ekhethekileyo yentlalontle kunye nentlalontle yentlalontle iye yaqinisekisa amalungelo asisiseko kunye nomdla wabantu abakhubazekileyo kwaye baphucula ubomi babo.
Kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-PRC, i-CPC kunye norhulumente waseTshayina bafake ukubaluleka okukhulu kwimidlalo kubantu. IiParasports zenze inkqubela kancinane ezikolweni, kwiifektri nakwii-sanatoriums. Amanani amakhulu abantu abakhubazekileyo athatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwimidlalo efana ne-radio calisthenics, ukuzilolonga emsebenzini, intenetya yetafile, ibhola yomnyazi, ne-tug of war, ebeka iziseko zokuba abantu abakhubazekileyo bathathe inxaxheba kwezemidlalo.
Ngo-1957, imidlalo yokuqala yesizwe yolutsha oluyimfama yenzeke eShanghai. Imibutho yezemidlalo yabantu abangeva kakuhle yasekwa kulo lonke ilizwe, kwaye yalungiselela iminyhadala yemidlalo yengingqi. Ngo-1959, kwabanjwa ukhuphiswano lokuqala lwesizwe lwebhola yomnyazi lwamadoda kwabo bangeva kakuhle. Ukhuphiswano lwesizwe lwezemidlalo lwalukhuthaza abantu abaninzi abaneziphene ukuba babe nenxaxheba kwezemidlalo, baphucula ukuqina komzimba wabo, yaye bandisa umdla wabo wokumanyanisa uluntu.
2. I-Parasports iqhubele phambili ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqaliswa kohlaziyo kunye nokuvula.Ukulandela ukuqaliswa kohlaziyo kunye nokuvulwa ngo-1978, i-China iphumelele inguqu yembali - ukuphakamisa umgangatho wokuphila kwabantu bayo ukusuka kwimpilo engenanto ukuya kwinqanaba lempumelelo ephakathi. Oku kwaphawula inyathelo elikhulu eliya phambili kwisizwe saseTshayina - ukusuka ekumeni nkqo ukuya ekubeni liphucuke.
I-CPC kunye norhulumente waseTshayina baphehlelele intaphane yamalinge aphambili okulwela inkqubela-phambili yeeparasports kunye nokuphucula ubomi babantu abakhubazekileyo. Urhulumente wabhengeza iUmthetho weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina kuKhuseleko lwaBantu abaKhubazekileyo, kwaye yaqinisekisa iIngqungquthela yamalungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo. Njengoko uhlaziyo kunye nokuvulwa kuqhubela phambili, ukukhuthaza umdla wabantu abakhubazekileyo kwavela kwintlalontle yoluntu, kubonelelwa ngokukodwa ngendlela yoncedo, ibe yinto ebanzi yentlalontle. Kwenziwa iinzame ezinkulu zokwandisa amathuba okuba abantu abakhubazekileyo bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yentlalontle, kunye nokuhlonipha nokukhusela amalungelo abo kuzo zonke iinkalo, ukubeka iziseko zophuhliso lweeparasports.
IUmthetho weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina kwiNkcubeko yoMzimba kunye neMidlaloimisela ukuba uluntu luphela kufuneka luzixhalabise kwaye luxhase ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba kwabakhubazekileyo kwimisebenzi yomzimba, kwaye oorhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba baya kuthatha amanyathelo okubonelela ngeemeko zabantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yomzimba. Umthetho ukwamisela ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka babe nofikelelo olukhethekileyo kufakelo lwezemidlalo zikawonke-wonke kunye nezibonelelo, nokuba izikolo ziya kudala iimeko zokulungiselela imidlalo elungele iimeko ezithile zabafundi abakwimpilo enkenenkene okanye abakhubazekileyo.
IiParasports zabandakanywa kubuchule bophuhliso lwesizwe nakwizicwangciso zophuhliso lwabakhubazekileyo. Iindlela zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkonzo zoluntu ziye zaphuculwa, zenza ukuba iiparasports zingene kwinqanaba lophuhliso olukhawulezayo.
Ngowe-1983, isimemo sezemidlalo sesizwe sabantu abakhubazekileyo sabanjwa eTianjin. Ngowe-1984, iMidlalo yeSizwe yokuQala yabantu abakhubazekileyo yenzeke eHefei, kwiPhondo laseAnhui. Kwangalo nyaka mnye, iQela laseTshayina lenze umdlalo walo wokuqala kwiMidlalo ye-Paralympic yasehlotyeni yesi-7 eNew York, laze laphumelela imbasa yalo yokuqala yegolide yeParalympic. Ngo-1994, iBeijing yabamba iMidlalo ye-6 yeMpuma Ekude kunye ne-South Pacific yabakhubazekileyo (iMidlalo ye-FESPIC), umsitho wokuqala wemidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe wabantu abakhubazekileyo obanjelwe e-China. Ngo-2001, iBeijing yaphumelela ukhuphiswano lokusingatha iMidlalo yeOlimpiki kunye neParalympic yeHlobo yowama-2008. Ngo-2004, iQela laseShayina likhokele zombini ukubalwa kweembasa zegolide kunye nokubalwa kwembasa iyonke okokuqala kwiMidlalo ye-Athens Paralympic yeHlobo. Ngowama-2007, iShanghai yabamba iMidlalo yeOlimpiki eKhethekileyo yeHlabathi yeHlobo. Ngo-2008, iMidlalo yeParalympic yeHlobo yayibanjelwe eBeijing. Ngo-2010, iGuangzhou yabamba iMidlalo yePara yeAsia.
Ngeli xesha, i-China yamisela inani lemibutho yezemidlalo kubantu abakhubazekileyo, kuquka i-China Sports Association for the Disabled (kamva yaqanjwa ngokuba yiNational Paralympic Committee yaseChina), i-China Sports Association for the Deaf, kunye ne-China Association for the Mentally. Umngeni (kamva waphinda wabizwa ngokuba yi-Special Olympics China). I-China iphinde yajoyina inani lemibutho yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe yabakhubazekileyo, kuquka neKomiti ye-Paralympic yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngeli xesha, imibutho eyahlukeneyo yemidlalo yasekhaya yabantu abakhubazekileyo yasekwa kwilizwe lonke.
3. Inkqubela phambili yembali sele yenziwe kwiiparasports kweli xesha litsha.Ukususela kwiNkongolo yeSizwe ye-CPC ye-18 kwi-2012, i-socialism eneempawu zaseTshayina ingene kwixesha elitsha. I-China iye yakha uluntu olunenkqubela phambili ephakathi kuzo zonke iinkalo njengoko bekucwangcisiwe, kwaye isizwe saseTshayina siphumelele inguqu enkulu kakhulu - ukusuka ekumeni nkqo ukuya ekubeni yinkqubela phambili kunye nokukhula ngamandla.
U-Xi Jinping, unobhala jikelele we-CPC Central Committee kunye nomongameli wase-China, unenkxalabo ethile kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Ugxininisa ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo bangamalungu alinganayo oluntu, kwaye banamandla abalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwempucuko yabantu kunye nokuxhasa nokuphuhlisa usoshiyali baseTshayina. Uphawula ukuba abantu abaneziphene bayakwazi ukuphila ubomi obanelisayo njengabantu abasempilweni. Ukwayalele ukuba akukho bantu bakhubazekileyo bafanele bashiywe ngasemva xa ukuchuma okuphakathi kuzo zonke iinkalo kwakuza kufezekiswa eTshayina ngo-2020. UXi uzimisele ukuba iChina iya kuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezongezelelweyo zabakhubazekileyo, ikhuthaze uphuhliso lwabo olujikelezayo kunye nokwabelana ngokuchuma. kwaye sizame ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kuye wonke umntu okhubazekileyo. Uthembise ukuba iChina iza kunikezela ngemidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBusika ebalaseleyo nengaqhelekanga kunye neParalympics eBeijing ngo-2022. Ukwagxininise ukuba ilizwe kufuneka libe nolwazelelelo ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo ezifanelekileyo, ezisebenzayo, ezichongiweyo nezinobuchule kubadlali, ngakumbi, ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezikhethekileyo. yeembaleki ezikhubazekileyo ngokwakha amaziko afikelelekayo. Olu qwalaselo lubalulekileyo lwalatha umkhombandlela wonobangela wabantu abakhubazekileyo eTshayina.
Ngaphantsi kobunkokeli beKomiti ePhakathi yeCPC kunye ne-Xi Jinping kwisiseko sayo, i-China idibanisa iinkqubo zabantu abakhubazekileyo kwizicwangciso zayo ezipheleleyo zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nezentlalo kunye nezicwangciso zokwenza amalungelo oluntu. Ngenxa yoko, amalungelo kunye nomdla wabantu abakhubazekileyo akhuselwe ngcono, kwaye iinjongo zolingano, ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye nokwabelana ziye zasondela. Abantu abakhubazekileyo banengqondo eyomeleleyo yokwaneliseka, ulonwabo kunye nokhuseleko, kwaye ii-parasports zinethemba eliqaqambileyo lophuhliso.
IiParasports zibandakanyiwe kwizicwangciso zelizwe laseTshayina zoFitness-for-All, inyathelo le-Healy China, kunye noKwakha i-China kwiLizwe eliQingqileyo kwezeMidlalo. IUmthetho weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina ekuQinisekiseni iiNkonzo zeNkcubeko yoLuntu kunye neMithetho yoKwakha iNdawo eFikelelekayoukubonelela ukuba umba ophambili ophambili uya kunikwa ekuphuculweni kokufikeleleka kwezibonelelo zenkonzo karhulumente kubandakanywa amaziko ezemidlalo. I-China iye yakha i-Arena yeSizwe yeMidlalo yoMkhenkce kubantu abanokukhubazeka. Bayanda abantu abakhubazekileyo abazibandakanya kwizenzo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nokomelela, bathatha inxaxheba kwiiparasports kwiindawo abahlala kuzo kunye nasemakhaya, kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yangaphandle. IProjekthi yeNkxaso yoKhubazeko phantsi kweNkqubo yeSizwe yokuPhila iye yaphunyezwa, kwaye abaqeqeshi bezemidlalo kubantu abakhubazekileyo baqeqeshiwe. Abantu abakhubazeke kakhulu banokufikelela kwiinkonzo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nezempilo emakhayeni abo.
Kwenziwe zonke iinzame zokulungiselela i-Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games, kwaye iimbaleki zaseTshayina ziya kuthatha inxaxheba kuyo yonke iminyhadala. KwiMidlalo yaseBusika yePyeongchang Paralympic ka-2018, iimbaleki zaseTshayina zaphumelela igolide kwiWheelchair Curling, imbasa yokuqala yaseTshayina kwi-Winter Paralympics. Kwimidlalo yeHlobo yeParalympic yaseTokyo yowama-2020, iimbaleki zaseTshayina zafumana iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga, zibekwe phezulu kwimbasa yegolide kunye neembasa isihlandlo sesihlanu ngokulandelelana. Iimbaleki zaseTshayina ziye zaqabela phezulu kwiDeaflympics nakwiMidlalo yeeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo zeHlabathi.
I-Parasports yenze inkqubela enkulu kakhulu e-China, ibonisa ukomelela kweziko lase-China ekukhuthazeni iinkqubo zabantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye nokubonisa impumelelo yayo ephawulekayo ekuhlonipheni nasekukhuseleni amalungelo kunye nomdla wabantu abakhubazekileyo. Kwilizwe lonke, ukuqonda, intlonipho, ukukhathalelwa kunye noncedo lwabantu abakhubazekileyo kuyakhula ngamandla. Bayanda abantu abakhubazekileyo abawaqondayo amaphupha abo kwaye baphumeza uphuculo olumangalisayo kubomi babo ngemidlalo. Inkalipho, ukuzimisela nokomelela okubonakaliswa ngabantu abakhubazekileyo ekutyhaleni imida nasekuqhubeleni phambili kukhuthaze isizwe siphela kwaye kwakhuthaza inkqubela phambili kwezentlalo nenkcubeko.
II. Imisebenzi yoMzimba yabantu abakhubazekileyo iye yaphumelela
I-China ithatha ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nemisebenzi yokomelela kwabantu abakhubazekileyo njengenye yamacandelo aphambili ekuphumezeni izicwangciso zayo zesizwe zeFitness-for-All, Healthy China initiative, kunye noKwakha iChina ibe liLizwe eliQoqisileyo kwezeMidlalo. Ngokwenza imisebenzi ye-parasports kulo lonke ilizwe, ukutyebisa umxholo wemisebenzi enjalo, ukuphucula iinkonzo zezemidlalo, kunye nokuqinisa uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nemfundo, i-China iye yakhuthaza abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba babe ngabathathi-nxaxheba abakhutheleyo kwimisebenzi yokubuyisela kunye nokomelela.
1. Izinto ezenziwayo ngokwasemzimbeni zabantu abakhubazekileyo ziyakhula.Kwinqanaba loluntu, iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi yokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nokomelela kwabantu abakhubazekileyo iye yaququzelelwa, ilungelelaniswe neemeko zasekuhlaleni ezidolophini nasemaphandleni eTshayina. Ukukhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba yabantu abakhubazekileyo kwimisebenzi yempilo ekumgangatho osezantsi kunye nemidlalo ekhuphisanayo, i-China iye yandisa imisebenzi yokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye neenkonzo zemidlalo yokomelela kuluntu ngokuthenga kukarhulumente. Izinga lokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yenkcubeko kunye nezemidlalo kubantu abakhubazekileyo e-China liye lenyuka, ukusuka kwi-6.8 yeepesenti ngo-2015 ukuya kwi-23.9 yeepesenti ngo-2021.
Izikolo kuwo onke amanqanaba kunye nazo zonke iintlobo ziye zaququzelela imisebenzi eyenziwa rhoqo eyenziwa rhoqo kubafundi abakhubazekileyo, kwaye bakhuthaze umdaniso womgca, i-cheerleading, i-curling eyomileyo, kunye neminye imidlalo esekelwe kwiqela. Abafundi beeKholeji kunye nabo bakwizikolo eziziiprayimari nezamabanga aphakamileyo baye bakhuthazwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi ezifana neNkqubo yeYunivesithi yeeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo nakwiMidlalo yeeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo eziManyeneyo. Abasebenzi bezonyango baye bahlanganiswa ukuba babandakanyeke kwimisebenzi efana nokuvuselelwa kwezemidlalo, ukuhlelwa kwe-para-athletics, kunye neprogram ye-Special Olympics Healthy Athletes program, kunye nootitshala bomzimba baye bakhuthazwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwiinkonzo zobuchwephesha ezifana nokuqina komzimba kunye nokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo kwabakhubazekileyo, kwaye ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ngokuzithandela kwiiparasports.
IMidlalo yeSizwe yaseTshayina yaBantu abaKhubazekileyo ibandakanye iminyhadala yokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nezokomelela. IMidlalo yeBhola yeSizwe yaBantu abaKhubazekileyo iye yabanjwa kunye neendidi ezininzi zabantu abangaboniyo okanye abangeva kakuhle okanye abakhubazekileyo ngokwasengqondweni. Amaqela athatha inxaxheba kwi-National Line Dancing Open Tournament yaBantu abakhubazekileyo ngoku aphuma kumaphondo angama-20 kunye neeyunithi zolawulo ezifanayo. Inani elandayo lezikolo zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa liye lenza umdaniso womdaniso waba ngumdlalo wokwenza umthambo kwikhefu lalo.
2. Imisitho yeeParasports iqhutywa kwilizwe lonke.Abantu abakhubazekileyo bathatha inxaxheba rhoqo kwimisitho yesizwe yeparasports, efana noSuku lweSizwe lweeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo, iVeki yoBulunga kuBantu abaKhubazekileyo, kunye neXesha leMidlalo yaseBusika yaBantu abaKhubazekileyo. Ukusukela ngo-2007, i-China ibiququzelela imisebenzi yokwazisa uSuku lweSizwe lweeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo, eziba nge-20 kaJulayi minyaka le. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiiOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo kuye kwachaphazela amandla abantu abakhubazeke ngokwasengqondweni, kwaphucula ukuzithemba kwabo, kwaye kwabazisa eluntwini. Ukususela kwi-2011, malunga noSuku lweSizwe lokuQinisekisa unyaka ngamnye, i-China iququzelele imisebenzi ye-parasports kwilizwe lonke ukuphawula iVeki yokuSebenza kuBantu abaKhubazekileyo, apho iziganeko ezifana ne-wheelchair Tai Chi, i-Tai Chi ibhola, kunye nemidlalo yebhola engaboniyo ibanjwe.
Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisitho yokubuyisela kwisimo sesiqhelo kunye neyokufaneleka kunye nemisebenzi, abantu abakhubazekileyo baye baqhelana ne-parasports, baqalise ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yezemidlalo, kwaye bafunde ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokomelela. Baye bafumana ithuba lokubonisa kunye nokutshintshiselana ngezakhono zokuvuselela kunye nempilo yomzimba. Ukomelela okukhulu kunye nengqondo eyakhayo ngakumbi kukhuthaze ukuthanda kwabo ubomi, kwaye baye bazithemba ngakumbi malunga nokudibanisa kuluntu. Iziganeko ezifana ne-Wheelchair Marathon for the Disabled, i-Chess Challenge phakathi kwaBadlali abangaboniyo, kunye ne-National Tai Chi Ball Championships for People with Hearing Impairments ziye zaphuhliswa zibe yiziganeko ze-parasports zelizwe.
3. Imidlalo yasebusika yabantu abakhubazekileyo iya isanda.Rhoqo ngonyaka ukususela ngo-2016 i-China iye yabamba iXesha leMidlalo yaseBusika yaBantu abaKhubazekileyo, ibanika iqonga lokuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yasebusika, kunye nokuzalisekisa ukuzinikela kwe-Beijing 2022 yokubandakanya abantu abazizigidi ezingama-300 kwimidlalo yasebusika. Umlinganiselo wentatho-nxaxheba uye wanda ukusuka kwiiyunithi ezili-14 zomgangatho wephondo kwiXesha leMidlalo yaseBusika lokuqala ukuya kumaphondo angama-31 kunye neeyunithi zolawulo ezilinganayo. Iimidlalo ezahlukeneyo zasebusika zeparasports ezifanele iimeko zasekuhlaleni zibanjiwe, zivumela abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba bafumane amava emidlalo yasebusika yeParalympic, kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo yasebusika ethatha inxaxheba ngobuninzi, ukubuyisela kwisimo sasebusika kunye neenkampu zoqeqesho lokufaneleka, kunye neminyhadala yomkhenkce nekhephu. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zemidlalo yasebusika yokuthatha inxaxheba ngobuninzi ziye zadalwa kwaye zakhuthazwa, ezifana nokutyibiliza ekhephini, ukutyibiliza kwindawo eyomileyo, ukutyibiliza kwindawo eyomileyo, ukutyibilika kwindawo eyomileyo, umkhenkce, iCuju (umdlalo wamaTshayina wokukhuphisana ngebhola kumkhenkce), ukutyibiliza, ukutyibiliza, ukutyibiliza, umkhenkce. iibhayisekile, ibhola ekhatywayo yekhephu, ukukhwela idragoni emkhenkceni, ikhephu lokutsalwa kwemfazwe, kunye nokuloba emkhenkceni. Le noveli kunye nemidlalo eyonwabisayo ibonakale ithandwa kakhulu kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Ukongeza, ukufumaneka kwemidlalo yasebusika kunye neenkonzo zokufaneleka kwabantu abakhubazekileyo kwinqanaba loluntu, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa, kuye kwaphuculwa ngokubhengezwa kwezinto ezifanaIncwadi yesiKhokelo kwiMidlalo yaseBusika kunye neeNkqubo zokuQinisekisa kuBantu abaKhubazekileyo.
4. Iinkonzo zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokomelela kwabantu abakhubazekileyo zihlala ziphucuka.I-China iye yazisa uluhlu lwamanyathelo okubandakanya abantu abakhubazekileyo ekubuyiseleni kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nemisebenzi yomzimba, kunye nokuhlakulela amaqela eenkonzo zokubuyisela kunye nokomelela. Ezi ziquka: ukusungula iProjekthi yokuPhucula ukuPhucula kunye neSicwangciso sokuKhathalela ukuBuyiselwa kwezeMidlalo, ukuphuhlisa nokukhuthaza iinkqubo, indlela yokusebenza kunye nezixhobo zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokomelela kwabakhubazekileyo, ukutyebisa iinkonzo zemidlalo kunye neemveliso zabantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza iinkonzo zempilo yoluntu. kubo kunye neenkonzo zokubuyisela kwisimo sasekhaya kubantu abakhubazeke kakhulu.
IMigangatho yeSizwe eSisiseko yeNkonzo kaRhulumente kwiMidlalo yeSininzi (uHlelo luka-2021)kunye neminye imigaqo-nkqubo nemimiselo yesizwe imisela ukuba imeko-bume yokufaneleka kwabantu abakhubazekileyo mayiphuculwe, kwaye ifuna ukuba babe nofikelelo kumaziko oluntu ngaphandle kwentlawulo okanye ngamaxabiso athotyiweyo. Ukusukela ngo-2020, zizonke iindawo zemidlalo ezilungele abantu abakhubazekileyo ezili-10,675 zazakhiwe kwilizwe lonke, bebonke bangama-125,000 abafundisi abaqeqeshiweyo, kwaye amakhaya angama-434,000 anabantu abakhubazeke kakhulu abonelelwe ngeenkonzo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nezokuqina komzimba. Ngeli xesha, i-China ikhokele ulwakhiwo lweendawo zemidlalo zasebusika zabantu abakhubazekileyo kugxilwe ekuxhaseni iindawo ezingaphuhliswanga kangako, ezilokishini nasezilalini.
5. Kwenziwe inkqubela phambili kwimfundo nophando ngeeparasports.I-China ifake iiparasports kwimfundo ekhethekileyo, uqeqesho lootitshala, kunye neenkqubo zemfundo yezomzimba, kwaye ikhawulezise uphuhliso lwamaziko ophando lweparasports. Ulawulo lwaseTshayina lwezeMidlalo kuBantu abaKhubazekileyo, iKomiti yoPhuhliso lwezeMidlalo yoMbutho woPhando wokuKhubazeka waseChina, kunye namaziko ophando eparasports kwiikholeji ezininzi kunye neeyunivesithi, zenza awona mandla aphambili kwimfundo yeparasports kunye nophando. Inkqubo yokulima italente yeparasports iqalile. Ezinye iiyunivesithi kunye neekholeji zivule iikhosi ezikhethiweyo kwiiparasports. Inani leengcali zeparasports ziye zalinywa. Inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo yenziwe kuphando lweeparasports. Ukusukela ngo-2021, iiprojekthi ezingaphezu kwe-20 zeparasports zazixhaswa yiNgxowa-mali yeSizwe yezeNzululwazi yezeNtlalo yaseTshayina.
III. Izinto ezenziwayo kwiiParasports ziyaphucuka ngokuthe chu
Abantu abakhubazekileyo baya beqatsela kwezemidlalo. Ziya zisanda iimbaleki ezikhubazekileyo eziye zakhuphisana kwimidlalo yasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Bazabalazela ukuhlangabezana nocelomngeni, befuna ukuziphucula, ukubonakalisa umoya wokunganikezeli, nokulwela ubomi obumangalisayo nobunempumelelo.
1. Iimbaleki zeParasports zaseTshayina zidlale ngokubalaseleyo kwimisitho emikhulu yemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe.Ukusukela ngo-1987, iimbaleki zaseTshayina ezikhubazeke ngokwasengqondweni ziye zathatha inxaxheba kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki eKhethekileyo yeHlabathi yeHlobo kunye neMidlalo yeOlimpiki eKhethekileyo yeHlabathi yaseBusika. Ngowe-1989, iimbaleki zaseTshayina ezingevayo zaqala ukudlala kumazwe ngamazwe kwiMidlalo ye-16 yeHlabathi yabantu abaziziThulu eChristchurch yaseNew Zealand. Ngo-2007, igqiza laseTshayina lafumana imbasa yobhedu kwi-16th Winter Deaflympics kwisiXeko saseSalt Lake eUnited States – imbasa yokuqala eyaphunyelelwa ziimbaleki zaseTshayina kulo msitho. Emva koko, iimbaleki zaseTshayina ziphumelele umdlalo ogqwesileyo kwiilympiki zeZithulu zasehlotyeni naseBusika. Baphinde bathatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo kwimidlalo yaseAsia yabantu abakhubazekileyo kwaye baphumelela amawonga amaninzi. Ngo-1984, iimbaleki ezingama-24 zabathunywa be-Chinese Paralympic bakhuphisana kwi-Athletics, Swimming and Table Tennis kwi-Seventh Summer Paralympics eNew York, baza bagoduka neembasa ezingama-24, kuquka neegolide ezimbini, nto leyo evelisa umdla omkhulu wezemidlalo kubantu abakhubazekileyo e-China. Kwezi Olimpiki Zabantu bakhubazekileyo zeHlobo ezilandelayo, ukusebenza kweQela laseTshayina kubonise ukuphucuka okuphawulekayo. Ngo-2004, kwi-12 ye-Paralympics yasehlotyeni e-Athene, igqiza laseTshayina laphumelela iimbasa ezili-141, kuquka iigolide ezingama-63, labekwa kwindawo yokuqala kuzo zombini iimbasa neegolide eziphumeleleyo. Ngo-2021, kuMnyhadala we-16 we-Paralympics ehlotyeni eTokyo, iQela laseTshayina labanga iimbasa ezingama-207, kuquka iigolide ezingama-96, lilolonga phezulu kwimbasa yegolide kunye nokuma kwembasa iyonke isihlandlo sesihlanu silandelelana. Ngexesha le-13 leSicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu (2016-2020), iChina yathumela abathunywa beimbaleki abakhubazekileyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimisitho yemidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe eli-160, izise ekhaya iimbasa zegolide ezili-1,114 zizonke.
2. Impembelelo yemisitho yeeparasports kazwelonke ihlala isanda.Ekubeni i-China iququzelele iMidlalo yayo yokuqala yeSizwe yabantu abaKhubazekileyo (NGPD) kwi-1984, i-11 iminyhadala enjalo iye yabanjwa, kunye nenani lezemidlalo elandayo ukusuka kwi-Athletics, ukuQubha kunye neTennis yeTafile) ukuya kwi-34. Ukususela kwimidlalo yesithathu ngo-1992, i-NGPD idweliswe njengomsitho wezemidlalo omkhulu ovunywe liBhunga likarhulumente kwaye ubanjwa kanye emva kweminyaka emine. Oku kuqinisekisa ukumiselwa kunye nokubekwa emgangathweni kweeparasports eTshayina. Ngowama-2019, iTianjin isingathe i-NGPD yeshumi (kunye neMidlalo yeOlimpiki eKhethekileyo yeSizwe) kunye neMidlalo yeSizwe yaseTshayina. Oku kwenza esi sixeko sibe sesokuqala ukubamba i-NGPD kunye neMidlalo yeSizwe yaseTshayina. Ngo-2021, u-Shaanxi wabamba i-11th NGPD (kunye neMidlalo ye-Olimpiki yeSizwe yeSibhozo) kunye neMidlalo yeSizwe yaseTshayina. Yayikokokuqala ukuba i-NGPD ibanjelwe kwisixeko esinye kwaye kwangaloo nyaka iMidlalo yeSizwe yaseTshayina. Oku kuvumele ucwangciso olulungelelanisiweyo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwaye yomibini imidlalo ibe yimpumelelo ngokulinganayo. Ukongeza kwi-NGPD, i-China iphinda iququzelele iminyhadala yelizwe ngalinye kwiindidi ezifana neembaleki ezingaboniyo, iimbaleki ezizizithulu, kunye neembaleki ezinobuthathaka bemilenze, ngenjongo yokubandakanya abantu abaninzi abaneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhubazeka kwimisebenzi yezemidlalo. Ngokusebenzisa le midlalo yesizwe yabantu abakhubazekileyo rhoqo, ilizwe liqeqeshe iqela leembaleki ezikhubazekileyo laza laphucula izakhono zabo kwezemidlalo.
3. Iimbaleki zaseTshayina zibonisa amandla akhulayo kwimidlalo yeParalympic yasebusika.Ukhuphiswano oluyimpumelelo lwaseTshayina lweMidlalo yaseBusika yeParalympic yowama-2022 luvelise amathuba amahle ophuhliso lwemidlalo yawo yaseBusika yeParalympic. Ilizwe ligxininisa kakhulu kumalungiselelo eeMidlalo zeParalympiki zaseBusika. Iyile kwaye yaphumeza uthotho lwezicwangciso zokwenza, icinezeleke phambili ngocwangciso lwemisitho yezemidlalo, kwaye ilungelelanise ukudalwa kwezibonelelo zoqeqesho, inkxaso yezixhobo, kunye neenkonzo zophando. Iye yalungiselela iinkampu zoqeqesho ukuze ikhethe iimbaleki ezibalaseleyo, yomeleza uqeqesho lwabasebenzi bobugcisa, yaqesha abaqeqeshi abanobuchule abavela ekhaya nangaphandle, yaseka amaqela oqeqesho esizwe, yaza yakhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Yonke imidlalo emithandathu ye-Winter Paralympics - i-Alpine Skiing, i-Biathlon, i-Cross-Country Skiing, i-Snowboard, i-Ice Hockey, kunye ne-Wheelchair Curling-ifakwe kwi-NGPD, eyaqhubela phambili imisebenzi yezemidlalo yasebusika kumaphondo angama-29 kunye neeyunithi zolawulo ezifanayo.
Ukususela kwi-2015 ukuya kwi-2021, inani lemidlalo ye-Winter Paralympic e-China lenyuke ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-6, ukuze yonke imidlalo ye-Winter Paralympic igubungele ngoku. Inani leembaleki liye landa ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-50 ukuya phantse kwi-1,000, kunye namagosa obugcisa ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya ngaphezu kwe-100. Ukususela kwi-2018, imincintiswano yesizwe yonyaka yemidlalo yezemidlalo kwi-Winter Paralympics ibanjwe, kwaye le midlalo yezemidlalo ifakwe kwi-2019. kunye no-2021 NGPD. Iimbaleki zeparasports zaseTshayina zithathe inxaxheba kwiMidlalo yeeParalympic zaseBusika ukusukela ngowama-2016, kwaye zaphumelela igolide ezingama-47, isilivere engama-54, kunye neembasa zobhedu ezingama-52. KwiMidlalo yaseBusika ye-2022 ye-Paralympic yaseBeijing, inani labadlali be-96 abavela e-China baya kuthatha inxaxheba kuyo yonke imidlalo ye-6 kunye neziganeko ze-73. Xa kuthelekiswa neMidlalo yaseBusika yeParalympic ye-Sochi 2014, inani labadlali liya kwanda ngaphezu kwe-80, inani lezemidlalo nge-4, kunye nenani leziganeko nge-67.
4. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho nenkxaso yeembaleki ziyaphucuka.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo, iimbaleki zeparasports zihlelwa ngokwezonyango kunye nokusebenza ngokweendidi zabo kunye nemidlalo efanelekileyo kubo. Inkqubo yoqeqesho yexesha lokuphumla yeparasports enamanqanaba amane iye yasekwa kwaye yaphuculwa, apho inqanaba ledolophu linoxanduva lokuchongwa kunye nokukhethwa, uqeqesho kunye nophuhliso lwenqanaba lesixeko, inqanaba lephondo loqeqesho olunzulu kunye nenxaxheba yemidlalo, kunye nenqanaba lesizwe. kuqeqesho lweetalente eziphambili. Ukhuphiswano lokukhetha ulutsha kunye neenkampu zoqeqesho zilungiselelwe ukuqeqeshwa kwetalente yoovimba.
Iinzame ezinkulu zenziwe ukwakha iqela labaqeqeshi beeparasports, oosompempe, abahlalutyi kunye nezinye iingcali. Iziseko zoqeqesho ezininzi zeeparasports zakhiwe, kwaye iziseko zoqeqesho zesizwe ezingama-45 ziye zonyulwa kwiiparasports, ezibonelela ngenkxaso kunye neenkonzo zophando, uqeqesho kunye nokhuphiswano. Oorhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba bathathe amanyathelo okulungisa iingxaki zemfundo, zengqesho nokhuseleko lwezentlalo kubadlali beparasports, nokwenza umsebenzi wokulinga ukubhalisa iimbaleki eziphezulu kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ngaphandle koviwo.Amanyathelo oLawulo lweMisitho yeParasports kunye neMisebenzizikhutshelwe ukukhuthaza ucwangco nophuhliso olusemgangathweni lwemidlalo yeeparasports. Iindlela zokuziphatha zeParasports zomeleziwe. I-Doping kunye nolunye ulwaphulo-mthetho aluvumelekanga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubulungisa kunye nobulungisa kwiiparasports.
IV. Ukuba negalelo kwiiParasports zaMazwe ngaMazwe
I-China evulekileyo ithatha ngokusebenzayo uxanduva lwayo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iphumelele ukusingatha iBeijing 2008 Summer Paralympics, iShanghai 2007 Special Olympics World Summer Games, the Sixth Far Far and South Pacific Games for the Disabled, kunye neGuangzhou 2010 Asian Para Games, kwaye yenza amalungiselelo apheleleyo eBeijing 2022 Paralympic Winter. Imidlalo kunye neHangzhou 2022 Asian Para Games. Oku kunike amandla amakhulu kunobangela wabakhubazekileyo eTshayina kwaye kwenza igalelo elibalaseleyo kwiiparasports zamazwe ngamazwe. I-China izibandakanye ngokupheleleyo kwimicimbi yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe yabakhubazekileyo kwaye iyaqhubeka nokomeleza utshintshiselwano kunye nentsebenziswano namanye amazwe kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe yabantu abakhubazekileyo, ukwakha ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu bawo onke amazwe, kuquka abo bakhubazekileyo.
1. Imisitho yaseAsia yemidlalo emininzi yabantu abakhubazekileyo yenziwe ngempumelelo.Ngo-1994, iBeijing yabamba iMidlalo yeSithandathu kwiMpuma Ekude kunye neyoMzantsi Pasifiki yabakhubazekileyo, apho iimbaleki ezingama-1,927 zizonke ezivela kumazwe angama-42 kunye nemimandla zathatha inxaxheba, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sesona siganeko sikhulu kwimbali yale midlalo ngelo xesha. Yayikokokuqala ukuba i-China ibambe umsitho wemidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe wabantu abakhubazekileyo. Ibonise impumelelo ye-China kuhlaziyo kunye nokuvula kunye nokuphucula izinto zangoku, yanika lonke uluntu ukuqonda nzulu ngomsebenzi wayo kubantu abakhubazekileyo, ikhulise uphuhliso lweenkqubo zaseTshayina zabantu abakhubazekileyo, kwaye yaphakamisa iprofayile ye-Asiya ne-Pasifiki yeshumi leminyaka yabakhubazekileyo. Abantu.
Kwi-2010, i-First Asian Para Games yabanjwa e-Guangzhou, ihanjelwe ngabadlali abavela kumazwe angama-41 kunye nemimandla. Lo ibingumsitho wokuqala wezemidlalo owabanjwa emva kohlengahlengiso lwemibutho yeeparasports zaseAsia. Kwakhona yayilixesha lokuqala ukuba i-Asian Para Games ibanjelwe kwisixeko esinye kwaye kwangonyaka ofanayo neMidlalo yaseAsia, ukukhuthaza indawo engenazithintelo e-Guangzhou. I-Asian Para Games yanceda ekuboniseni amandla ezemidlalo abantu abakhubazekileyo, yadala umoya ovakalayo wokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba badibanise ngcono kuluntu, yenza ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo abaninzi babe nesabelo kwiziqhamo zophuhliso, kwaye yaphucula inqanaba leeparasports e-Asia.
Kwi-2022, iMidlalo yesine ye-Asia yePara iya kubanjelwa e-Hangzhou. Malunga nama-3,800 eembaleki zeparasports ezivela kumazwe angaphezu kwama-40 kunye nemimandla ziya kukhuphisana kwimisitho engama-604 kwimidlalo engama-22. Le midlalo iya kukhuthaza ngamandla ubuhlobo kunye nentsebenziswano Asia.
2. ImiDlalo yeeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo zeHlabathi ze-2007 zaseShanghai ibe yimpumelelo enkulu.Kwi-2007, i-12th Special Olympics World Summer Games yabanjwa eShanghai, itsala iimbaleki ezingaphezulu kwe-10,000 kunye nabaqeqeshi abavela kumazwe angama-164 kunye nemimandla ukuba bakhuphisane kwimidlalo engama-25. Esi yayisisihlandlo sokuqala ukuba ilizwe elisaphuhlayo libambe iMidlalo yeOlimpiki eKhethekileyo yeHlabathi yeHlobo yaye oko kwakuqala ukuba le midlalo ibanjelwe eAsia. Ikhulise ukuzithemba kwabantu abakhubazekileyo ngokwasengqondweni kwiinzame zabo zokuzimanya noluntu, yaze yakhuthaza iiOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo eTshayina.
Ukuphawula iMidlalo yeeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo zaseShanghai zeHlabathi zeMidlalo yaseHlotyeni, ngomhla wama-20 kweyeKhala, usuku lokuvula lo msitho, yamiselwa njengoSuku lweSizwe lweeOlimpiki eziKhethekileyo. Umbutho wamavolontiya ogama lingu "Sunshine Home" wasekwa eShanghai ukunceda abantu abakhubazeke ngokwasengqondweni ukuba bafumane uqeqesho lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili, uqeqesho lwemfundo, ukhathalelo lwemini, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwisimo sesiqhelo somsebenzi. Ngokusekelwe kula mava, inkqubo ye-"Sunshine Home" yaqhutywa kwilizwe lonke ukuxhasa amaziko ononophelo kunye namakhaya ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo kunye noncedo kubantu abakhubazeke ngokwasengqondweni okanye ngokwasengqondweni kunye nabo bakhubazeke kakhulu.
3. I-Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games yanikezelwa kumgangatho ophezulu onokwenzeka.Ngo-2008, iBeijing yabamba iMidlalo ye-Paralympic ye-13, yatsala iimbaleki ezingama-4,032 ezivela kumazwe angama-147 nakwimimandla ukuba zikhuphisane kwimisitho engama-472 kwimidlalo engama-20. Inani labadlali abathatha inxaxheba, amazwe kunye nemimandla kunye nenani leziganeko zokhuphiswano zonke zibethe irekhodi eliphezulu kwimbali yeParalympic Games. ImiDlalo ye-Paralympic ka-2008 yenza iBeijing ibe sisixeko sokuqala ehlabathini ukubhidela kunye nokusingatha iMidlalo yee-Olimpiki kunye neMidlalo ye-Paralympic ngaxeshanye; I-Beijing yasizalisekisa isithembiso sayo sokubeka "imidlalo emibini yobukhazikhazi obulinganayo", kwaye yanikezela iParalympics ekhethekileyo kweyona migangatho iphezulu. Isaci salo “sokugqwesa, ukudityaniswa kunye nokwabelana” sibonise igalelo leTshayina kwiinqobo ezisemgangathweni zoMbutho wamazwe ngamazwe weParalympic. Le midlalo ishiye ilifa elityebileyo kumaziko ezemidlalo, ezothutho zasezidolophini, amaziko afikelelekayo, kunye neenkonzo zamavolontiya, ezimele ukuqhubela phambili okubonakalayo kumsebenzi waseTshayina kubantu abakhubazekileyo.
I-Beijing yakha ibhetshi yamaziko eenkonzo asemgangathweni abizwa ngokuba “yiKhaya eliSweet” ukunceda abakhubazekileyo kunye neentsapho zabo ukonwabela ukufikelela kuvuselelo lomsebenzi, uqeqesho lwemfundo, ukhathalelo lwemini, kunye nemisebenzi yolonwabo nemidlalo, kudala iimeko zokuba badibane noluntu ngokulinganayo. isiseko.
Ukuqonda koluntu ngokubonelelwa kwabakhubazekileyo kunye nemidlalo yabo kwandile. Iingqikelelo “zokulingana, ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye nokwabelana” ziyakhula, ngelixa ukuqonda, ukuhlonipha, ukunceda, kunye nokukhathalela abantu abakhubazekileyo kusiba yinto eqhelekileyo kuluntu. I-China ifezekise isithembiso sayo kuluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iye yaqhuba umoya we-Olimpiki womanyano, ubuhlobo noxolo, ikhuthaza ukuqondana nobuhlobo phakathi kwabantu bamazwe onke, yenza isilogeni esithi “Ihlabathi elinye, iPhupha elinye” sahlokoma kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye sazuza udumo oluphezulu kuluntu lwezizwe ngezizwe.
4. I-China yenza konke okusemandleni ukulungiselela i-Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games.Ngo-2015, kunye noZhangjiakou, iBeijing yaphumelela ukhuphiswano lokusingatha iMidlalo yeOlimpiki kunye neParalympic yaseBusika yowama-2022. Oku kwenza esi sixeko saba sesokuqala ukubamba ii-Paralympics zasehlotyeni nasebusika, kwaye sidale amathuba amakhulu ophuhliso lweeparasport zasebusika. I-China izibophelele ekuququzeleleni umsitho wezemidlalo “oluhlaza, oqukayo, ovulelekileyo nococekileyo”, kunye nowodwa “olungelelanisiweyo, okhuselekileyo nomhle”. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ilizwe lenze zonke iinzame zokunxibelelana kunye nokusebenzisana neKomiti ye-Paralympic yeHlabathi kunye neminye imibutho yezemidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe ekuphumezeni yonke imigaqo yolawulo nothintelo lwe-Covid-19. Amalungiselelo acacisiweyo enziwe ukulungiselela ulungiselelo lweMidlalo kunye neenkonzo ezinxulumene noko, ukuze kusetyenziswe inzululwazi nobuchwepheshe kunye nemisebenzi yenkcubeko ngexesha leMidlalo.
Ngo-2019, iBeijing yasungula inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokukhuthaza indawo engenazithintelo, igxile kwimisebenzi eyi-17 yokulungisa iingxaki kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana neendlela zasezidolophini, izithuthi zikawonkewonke, iindawo zeenkonzo zoluntu, kunye nokutshintshiselana ngolwazi. Amaziko angama-336,000 kunye neziza zilungisiwe, ziqonda ukufikeleleka okusisiseko kwindawo engundoqo yesixeko esilikomkhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba imekobume yaso engenazithintelo ibe semgangathweni ngakumbi, ivumeleke kwaye ibe nenkqubo. I-Zhangjiakou iphinde yakhulisa imeko-bume engenazithintelo, ekhokelela kuphuculo olubonakalayo ekufikelelekeni.
I-China iye yaseka kwaye yaphucula inkqubo yezemidlalo yasebusika kunye nemidlalo yeqhwa kunye nekhephu njengentsika, ukukhuthaza abantu abaninzi abakhubazekileyo ukuba babandakanyeke kwimidlalo yasebusika. I-Beijing Paralympic Winter Games iza kubanjwa ukusuka ngomhla we-4 ukuya kowe-13 kuMatshi 2022. Ukusukela nge-20 kaFebruwari, 2022, iimbaleki ezingama-647 ezivela kumazwe angama-48 kunye nemimandla zibhalisiwe kwaye ziza kukhuphisana kwiMidlalo. I-China ikulungele ngokupheleleyo ukwamkela iimbaleki ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele kwiMidlalo.
5. I-China ithatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwii-parasports zamazwe ngamazwe.Uthethathethwano olukhulu lwamazwe ngamazwe luvumela i-China ukuba idlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwiiparasport zamazwe ngamazwe. Ilizwe linelizwi elikhulu kwimicimbi echaphazelekayo, kwaye impembelelo yalo iyakhula. Ukususela kwi-1984, i-China iye yajoyina imibutho yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe kubantu abakhubazekileyo, kuquka i-International Paralympic Committee (IPC), iMibutho yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeMidlalo yabakhubazekileyo (i-IOSDs), i-International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), i-Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association. (CPISRA), iKomiti yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeMidlalo yabantu abangevayo (i-ICSD), i-International Wheelchair kunye ne-Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS), i-Special Olympics International (SOI), kunye ne-Far East kunye ne-South Pacific Games Federation for the Disabled (FESPIC).
Iseke ubudlelwane bobuhlobo kunye nemibutho yezemidlalo yabantu abakhubazekileyo kumazwe amaninzi nakwimimandla. IKomiti yeSizwe yeParalympic yaseChina (NPCC), i-China Sports Association for the Deaf, kunye ne-Special Olympics yaseChina ibe ngamalungu abalulekileyo kwimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe yezemidlalo yabakhubazekileyo. I-China ithathe inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwiinkomfa ezibalulekileyo kwimidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe yabakhubazekileyo, njengeNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ye-IPC, eya kuthi itshate ikhondo lekamva lophuhliso. Amagosa eparasports aseTshayina, oosompempe, kunye neengcali zonyulwe njengamalungu ebhodi yesigqeba kunye neekomiti ezikhethekileyo zeFESPIC, ICSD, kunye ne-IBSA. Ukuze kuphuculwe izakhono zemidlalo kwabakhubazekileyo, i-China iye yacebisa kwaye yatyumba iingcali ukuba zisebenze njengamagosa obugcisa kunye nosompempe bamazwe ngamazwe bemibutho yezemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe ekhubazekileyo.
6. Utshintshiselwano olubanzi lwamazwe ngamazwe kwiiparasports lwenziwe.I-China yaqala ukuthumela igqiza kwiMidlalo yesiThathu ye-FESPIC ngo-1982 - okokuqala ukuba iimbaleki zaseTshayina ezikhubazekileyo zikhuphisane kumsitho wezemidlalo wamazwe ngamazwe. I-China iye yaqhuba ngenkuthalo utshintshiselwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nentsebenziswano kwiiparasports, ezilicandelo elibalulekileyo lotshintshiselwano lwabantu phakathi kwabantu kubudlelwane bamazwe amabini kunye neendlela zentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka iNyathelo leBhanti kunye neNdlela kunye neQonga leNtsebenziswano ye-China-Afrika.
Ngo-2017, i-China yabamba uMnyhadala we-Belt kunye neNdlela ePhakamileyo kwiNtsebenziswano yoKhubazeko kwaye yakhupha inyathelo lokukhuthaza intsebenziswano kunye notshintshiselwano ngokukhubazeka phakathi kwamazwe e-Belt kunye neNdlela kunye namanye amaxwebhu, kwaye yaseka uthungelwano lokusebenzisana ekwabelaneni ngamaziko ezemidlalo kunye nezibonelelo. Oku kubandakanya amaziko angama-45 akwinqanaba likazwelonke loqeqesho lweparasports zasehlotyeni nasebusika ezivulekele iimbaleki kunye nabaqeqeshi abavela kumazwe eBelt and Road. Ngo-2019, iqonga leeparasports phantsi kwesakhelo seBhanti kunye neNdlela labanjwa ukukhuthaza ukufunda ngokufanayo phakathi kwemibutho eyahlukeneyo yezemidlalo yabantu abakhubazekileyo, ukubonelela ngemodeli yotshintshiselwano kunye nentsebenziswano kwibala leeparasports. Kwangaloo nyaka, i-NPCC yatyikitya izivumelwano zentsebenziswano ezicwangcisiweyo kunye neekomiti zeParalympic zaseFinland, eRashiya, eGrisi nakwamanye amazwe. Ngeli xesha, inani elikhulayo lotshintshiselwano kwiiparasport lwenzekile phakathi kweTshayina namanye amazwe esixekweni nakwamanye amanqanaba asekhaya.
V. Impumelelo kwiParasports ibonakalisa uPhuculo lwamaLungelo oLuntu lwaseTshayina
Ukuphumelela okumangalisayo kweeparasports e-China kubonisa zombini imidlalo kunye nobuchule bezemidlalo babantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye nenkqubela phambili eyenziwa yi-China kumalungelo oluntu kunye nophuhliso lwesizwe. I-China ibambelela kwindlela egxile ebantwini ephatha impilo-ntle yabantu njengelungelo loluntu eliphambili, ikhuthaza uphuhliso olupheleleyo lwamalungelo oluntu, kwaye ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo amalungelo kunye nomdla wamaqela asemngciphekweni, kubandakanywa nabantu abakhubazekileyo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yelungelo lokuziphilisa kunye nophuhliso kwabo bakhubazekileyo. Uphuhliso lweeparasports luhambelana nophuhliso jikelele lwaseTshayina; isabela ngokufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabantu abakhubazekileyo kwaye ikhuthaza impilo yabo ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni. I-Parasports yimbonakaliso ecacileyo yophuhliso kunye nenkqubela phambili yamalungelo oluntu e-China. Bakhuthaza iinqobo ezisemgangathweni eziqhelekileyo zobuntu, utshintshiselwano lwangaphambili, ukuqonda kunye nobuhlobo phakathi kwabantu kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye bafake isandla kubulumko baseTshayina ekwakheni ulungelelwaniso lolawulo lwehlabathi olunobulungisa, olunobulungisa, olunengqiqo nolubandakanyayo kumalungelo oluntu, kunye nokugcina uxolo nophuhliso lwehlabathi.
1. I-China ibambelela kwindlela ejoliswe ebantwini kwaye ikhuthaza impilo yomzimba kunye nengqondo yabantu abakhubazekileyo.I-China ixhasa indlela egxile ebantwini ekukhuseleni amalungelo oluntu, kwaye ikhusela amalungelo kunye nomdla wabantu abakhubazekileyo ngophuhliso. Ilizwe libandakanye iinkqubo ezilungiselelwe abantu abakhubazekileyo kubuchule balo bophuhliso laze laphumeza injongo “yokwakha uluntu olunenkqubela ephakathi kwiinkalo zonke, kungashiyi mntu ngasemva, kuquka nabantu abakhubazekileyo”. Imidlalo yindlela esebenzayo yokomeleza impilo yabantu nokuhlangabezana nomnqweno wabo wobomi obungcono. Kwabo bakhubazekileyo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo kunokunceda ukwakha ukuqina kunye nokunciphisa kunye nokususa ukukhubazeka kokusebenza. Kunokwandisa amandla omntu wokuzixhasa, ukufuna izinto anomdla kuzo kunye nezinto azonwabisa ngazo, ukwandisa unxibelelwano loluntu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokufezekisa amandla akhe obomi.
I-China ibona ukubaluleka okukhulu ekukhuseleni ilungelo lempilo yabantu abakhubazekileyo kwaye igxininisa ukuba "wonke umntu okhubazekileyo kufuneka afikelele kwiinkonzo zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo". Imidlalo yabantu abakhubazekileyo ibandakanywe kwiinkonzo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili. Oorhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba baphonononge iindlela ezintsha zokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo kumabanga aphantsi, kwaye baqhube imisebenzi yokubuyisela kwisimo sesiqhelo kunye nokomelela komzimba ngendlela yezemidlalo. Ezikolweni, abafundi abakhubazekileyo baye baqinisekiswa ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngokulinganayo kwezemidlalo kwilinge lokuqinisekisa impilo yabo ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwabo okuvakalayo. Abakhubazekileyo banesiqinisekiso esinamandla selungelo lempilo ngemisebenzi yomzimba.
2. I-China ibamba ukulingana kunye nokudibanisa kwabantu abakhubazekileyo kwimeko yeemeko zelizwe.I-China ihlala isebenzisa umgaqo wendalo yonke yamalungelo oluntu kumxholo weemeko zelizwe, kwaye ikholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba amalungelo okuphila kunye nophuhliso ngawona malungelo aphambili kunye asisiseko. Ukuphucula impilo-ntle yabantu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziinkosi zelizwe, kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwabo olujikelezileyo ziinjongo eziphambili, kwaye iChina isebenza nzima ukuxhasa ukulingana kwezentlalo kunye nobulungisa.
Imithetho nemimiselo yaseTshayina imisela ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo banelungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba ngokulinganayo kwimisebenzi yenkcubeko nemidlalo. Ngenxa yoko, abakhubazekileyo baxhamla ukhuseleko oluluqilima lwamalungelo kwaye banikwa uncedo olukhethekileyo. I-China yakhe yaza yaphucula amaziko emidlalo kawonke-wonke, yabonelela ngeenkonzo ezinxulumeneyo, kwaye yaqinisekisa ngeenkonzo zemidlalo yoluntu ezilinganayo kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Kwakhona uye wamkela amanye amanyathelo anamandla okudala indawo efikelelekayo kwimidlalo - ukulungiswa kweendawo zemidlalo kunye nezixhobo ukuze zifikeleleke ngakumbi kubantu abakhubazekileyo, ukuphucula kunye nokuvula amabala ezemidlalo kunye neendawo zokuzivocavoca kubo bonke abantu abakhubazekileyo, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyimfuneko ekusetyenzisweni ngokufanelekileyo kwezi zixhobo. , kunye nokuphelisa imiqobo yangaphandle ethintela ukuthatha kwabo inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwimidlalo.
Iminyhadala yezemidlalo efana ne-Beijing Paralympic Games ikhokelele ekuthatheni inxaxheba okukhulu kwabakhubazekileyo kwimisebenzi yentlalontle, kungekuphela nje kwezemidlalo kodwa nakwimicimbi yezoqoqosho, yezentlalo, yenkcubeko kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunye nophuhliso lwedolophu nommandla. Iindawo eziphambili zeparasports kulo lonke elaseTshayina ziyaqhubeka nokusebenzela abantu abakhubazekileyo emva kokuba imisitho iphelile, ibe ngumzekelo wophuhliso lwedolophu olungenazithintelo.
Ukuze kunyuswe intatho-nxaxheba yabantu abakhubazekileyo kwimizobo yoluntu kunye nemidlalo, abasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni baye baphucula izibonelelo zemidlalo yoluntu, bakhulisa kwaye baxhasa imibutho yabo yezemidlalo nobugcisa, bathenga iinkonzo zentlalo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokusingatha imidlalo ebandakanya abakhubazekileyo kunye nabo bakhubazekileyo. Impilo entle. Imibutho echaphazelekayo kunye nee-arhente ziphuhlise kwaye zandisa izixhobo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nezokuqina ezilungele iimeko zengingqi kwaye zilungiselelwe abantu abaneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhubazeka. Baye badala kwaye banikezela ngeenkqubo kunye neendlela ezidumileyo.
Abakhubazekileyo banokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwimidlalo ukuze baphonononge imida yamandla abo kwaye baphule imida. Ngomanyano nokusebenza nzima, banokunandipha ukulingana nokuba nenxaxheba kunye nobomi obunempumelelo. IiParasports zikhuthaza amaxabiso enkcubeko yaseTshayina afana nokuvisisana, ukubandakanywa, ukuxabisa ubomi, kunye nokunceda ababuthathaka, kunye nokukhuthaza abantu abaninzi abakhubazekileyo ukuba bakhulise ukuthanda iiparasports kwaye baqale ukuthatha inxaxheba. Ukubonisa ukuzithemba, ukuzithemba, ukuzimela, kunye namandla, baqhubela phambili umoya wezemidlalo yaseTshayina. Ukubonisa amandla kunye nobuntu babo ngemidlalo, baqinisekisa ngcono amalungelo abo okulingana nokuthatha inxaxheba kuluntu.
3. I-China ibona ukubaluleka okulinganayo kuwo onke amalungelo oluntu ukuphumeza uphuhliso olujikelezayo lwabantu abakhubazekileyo.IiParasports zisisipili esibonisa imigangatho yokuphila kunye namalungelo oluntu abantu abakhubazekileyo. I-China iqinisekisa amalungelo abo ezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko, ezentlalo kunye nezenkcubeko, ibeka isiseko esiqinileyo sokuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo, basebenze kwezinye iindawo, kwaye bafezekise uphuhliso olujikelezayo. Ngelixa isakha inkqubo yedemokhrasi yabantu, iChina iye yacela iingcebiso kwabakhubazekileyo, abameli babo, kunye nemibutho yabo, ukwenza inkqubo yezemidlalo yesizwe ilingane kwaye ibandakanyeke.
Iinkonzo ezininzi zabantu abakhubazekileyo ziye zaqiniswa kwaye zaphuculwa: ukhuseleko loluntu, iinkonzo zentlalontle, imfundo, ilungelo lokuqeshwa, iinkonzo zomthetho zoluntu, ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo abo obuqu kunye nempahla, kunye neenzame zokuphelisa ucalucalulo. Iimbaleki ezigqwesileyo kwicandelo leeparasport zihlala zinconywa, njengabantu kunye nemibutho enegalelo kuphuhliso lweeparasports.
Upapasho lokukhuthaza iiparasports luye lwaqiniswa, kusasazwa iikhonsepthi ezintsha kunye neendlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokudala indawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo. Uluntu ngokubanzi lufumene ukuqonda okunzulu kwiimpawu zeParalympic "zesibindi, ukuzimisela, impembelelo kunye nokulingana". Baxhasa iimbono zolingano, indibaniselwano, kunye nokususwa kwemiqobo, banomdla ongakumbi kwizinto ezenziwayo malunga nabantu abakhubazekileyo, kwaye banikezela ngenkxaso yabo.
Kukho intatho-nxaxheba ebanzi yezentlalo kwimisitho efana neVeki yokuQinisekisa abantu abakhubazekileyo, iVeki yeNkcubeko kuBantu abaKhubazekileyo, uSuku lweOlimpiki oluKhethekileyo lweSizwe, kunye neXesha leMidlalo yaseBusika kuBantu abakhubazekileyo. Imisebenzi efana nenkxaso, iinkonzo zamavolontiya kunye ne-cheering squads zixhasa kwaye zikhuthaza abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo kwaye babelane ngeenzuzo eziziswa yinkqubela phambili yoluntu.
IiParasports ziye zanceda ukudala imeko ekhuthaza uluntu luphela ukuba luhloniphe ngcono kwaye luqinisekise isidima sendalo kunye namalungelo alinganayo abantu abakhubazekileyo. Ngokwenza njalo baye benza igalelo elisebenzayo kwinkqubela phambili yoluntu.
4. I-China ikhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye notshintshiselwano kwiiparasports.I-China ixhasa ukufunda kunye notshintshiselwano phakathi kwempucuko, kwaye izithatha iiparasports njengenxalenye enkulu yotshintshiselwano lwamazwe ngamazwe phakathi kwabakhubazekileyo. Njengamandla amakhulu kwezemidlalo, i-China idlala indima ekhulayo kwimicimbi ye-parasports yamazwe ngamazwe, ikhuthaza ngamandla uphuhliso lweeparasports kummandla kunye nehlabathi ngokubanzi.
Ukukhula kweparasports e-China sisiphumo sophumezo olusebenzayo lwelizweIngqungquthela yamalungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye ne-UN 2030 Agenda yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo. I-China ihlonipha iyantlukwano kwezinye iinkqubo zenkcubeko, ezemidlalo nezentlalo zamanye amazwe, kwaye ikhuthaza ukulingana nobulungisa kwimisebenzi nemithetho yemidlalo yamazwe ngamazwe. Lenze iminikelo engenamiqathango kwiNgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso yeKomiti ye-Paralympic yaMazwe ngaMazwe, kwaye iye yakha iziseko ezingundoqo zezemidlalo kunye nesixhobo sokwabelana ngezibonelelo, yaza yavula amaziko ayo oqeqesho lweeparasports zesizwe kwiimbaleki ezikhubazekileyo kunye nabaqeqeshi abavela kwamanye amazwe.
I-China ikhuthaza abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba babandakanyeke kwimidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe ebanzi, ukuze kwandiswe ukutshintshiselana kwabantu, ukomeleza ukuqondana kunye nokunxibelelana, ukusondeza abantu bamazwe ahlukeneyo, bafezekise ulawulo lwamalungelo oluntu olunobulungisa, olunengqiqo noluqukayo lwehlabathi jikelele. ukukhuthaza uxolo nophuhliso lwehlabathi.
I-China ixhasa ubuntu kunye nezizwe ngezizwe, igxininisa ukuba bonke abo bakhubazekileyo bangamalungu alinganayo osapho loluntu, kwaye ikhuthaza intsebenziswano kunye notshintshiselwano ngeeparasports zamazwe ngamazwe. Oku kunegalelo ekufundeni okufanayo ngotshintshiselwano phakathi kwempucuko, kunye nokwakhiwa koluntu lwehlabathi lwekamva ekwabelwana ngalo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukhathalelo olubonelelwa abantu abakhubazekileyo luphawu lwenkqubela phambili yentlalo. Ukuphuhlisa iiparasports kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba bakhe ukuzithemba, ukuzithemba, ukuzimela, kunye namandla, kwaye basukele ukuziphucula. Iqhubela phambili umoya wokuzihlaziya ngokuqhubekayo kwaye idala umoya okhuthaza uluntu lonke ukuba luqonde, luhloniphe, lukhathalele kwaye luxhase abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye neenjongo zabo. Ikhuthaza abantu ukuba basebenzisane ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olujikelezayo kunye nempumelelo efanayo yabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Ukususela ekusekweni kwe-PRC, kwaye ngokukodwa emva kwe-18th CPC National Congress, i-China yenze inkqubela ephawulekayo kwiiparasports. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubela phambili ihlala ingalingani kwaye ingonelanga. Kukho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo naphakathi kweendawo zasemaphandleni nezisezidolophini, kwaye amandla okubonelela ngeenkonzo asanganelanga. Izinga lokuthatha inxaxheba ekubuyiseleni abantu kwisimo sangaphambili, ukufaneleka kunye nemisebenzi yezemidlalo kufuneka yandiswe, kwaye ii-parasports zasebusika kufuneka zandiswe ngakumbi. Mninzi umsebenzi ekusafuneka wenziwe ekuphuhliseni ngakumbi iiparasports.
Phantsi kobunkokheli obuqinileyo beKomiti ePhakathi yeCPC kunye noXi Jinping engundoqo, iQela kunye norhulumente waseTshayina baya kuqhubeka nokuxhasa ifilosofi yophuhliso egxile ebantwini ekwakheni iChina ibe lilizwe lanamhlanje lobusoshiyali kuzo zonke iinkalo. Abayi kwenza migudu yokubonelela ngoncedo kumaqela asengozini, baqinisekise ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo baxhamla amalungelo alinganayo, nokuphucula impilo-ntle yabo kunye nezakhono zabo zokuziphuhlisa. Kuya kuthathwa amanyathelo angqingqwa ukuhlonipha nokukhusela amalungelo kunye nomdla wabantu abakhubazekileyo, kubandakanywa nelungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo, ukuze kukhuthazwe injongo yabantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nokuhlangabezana nokulindela kwabo ubomi obungcono.
Umthombo: Xinhua
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-04-2022