Parasports y'Ubushinwa: Iterambere no Kurengera Uburenganzira Ibiro bishinzwe amakuru muri Leta ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa

Parasports y'Ubushinwa:

Iterambere no Kurengera Uburenganzira

Ibiro bya Leta bishinzwe amakuru ya

Repubulika y'Ubushinwa

Ibirimo

Intangiriro

I. Parasports Yateye imbere Binyuze mu Iterambere ryigihugu

II. Ibikorwa bifatika kubantu bafite ubumuga byateye imbere

III. Imikorere muri Parasports Iratera imbere Buhamye

IV. Gutanga umusanzu muri Parasports mpuzamahanga

V. Ibyagezweho muri Parasports byerekana iterambere mu burenganzira bwa muntu mu Bushinwa

Umwanzuro

 Intangiriro

Siporo ni ingenzi kubantu bose, harimo nabafite ubumuga. Gutezimbere parasports nuburyo bwiza bwo gufasha ababana nubumuga kunoza ubuzima bwumubiri, gukurikirana ubuzima bwumubiri nubwenge, kwitabira ibikorwa byimibereho, no kugera kumajyambere yose. Itanga kandi amahirwe yihariye kubaturage gusobanukirwa neza nubushobozi nagaciro k’abafite ubumuga, no guteza imbere ubwumvikane n’iterambere. Byongeye kandi, guteza imbere parasports bifite akamaro kanini muguharanira ko ababana nubumuga bashobora kubona uburenganzira bungana, kwinjiza byoroshye muri societe, no gusangira imbuto ziterambere ryubukungu n’imibereho. Kwitabira siporo ni uburenganzira bw’ingenzi bw’abafite ubumuga kimwe n’ingenzi mu kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Komite Nkuru y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa (CPC) hamwe na Xi Jinping muri rusange iha agaciro kanini icyateye abamugaye, kandi ibitaho cyane. Kuva muri Kongere y’igihugu ya 18 ya CPC mu mwaka wa 2012, iyobowe na Xi Jinping Igitekerezo cy’abasosiyalisiti hamwe n’ibiranga abashinwa mu gihe gishya, Ubushinwa bwashyize iyi mpamvu muri gahunda y’ibice bitanu bihuriweho hamwe n’ingamba enye zifatika, kandi bufata ingamba zifatika kandi zifatika. Gutezimbere. Hamwe n’iterambere rya parasiporo mu Bushinwa, abakinnyi benshi bafite ubumuga bakoze cyane kandi batsindira icyubahiro igihugu mu ruhando mpuzamahanga, bashishikariza abaturage binyuze mu buhanga bwabo bwa siporo. Iterambere ryamateka ryatewe mugutezimbere siporo kubantu bafite ubumuga.

Hamwe nimikino yimikino yabamugaye ya Beijing 2022 hafi, abakinnyi bafite ubumuga bongeye gukurura isi yose. Imikino rwose izatanga amahirwe yo guteza imbere parasports mubushinwa; bazafasha umuryango mpuzamahanga wa parasports gutera imbere "hamwe hamwe ejo hazaza".

I. Parasports Yateye imbere Binyuze mu Iterambere ryigihugu

Kuva Repubulika y’Ubushinwa yashingwa (PRC) mu 1949, mu rwego rwo guteza impinduramatwara y’abasosiyalisiti no kwiyubaka, kuvugurura no gufungura, kuvugurura imibereho y’abasosiyalisiti, hamwe n’abasosiyalisiti hamwe n’ibiranga Ubushinwa mu bihe bishya, hamwe no gutera imbere mu mpamvu zabyo abamugaye, parasports yagiye itera imbere kandi itera imbere, itangira inzira itwara ibiranga Ubushinwa bitandukanye kandi yubaha ibihe byigihe.

1.Iterambere rihamye ryakozwe muri parasports nyuma yo gushingwa PRC.Ishingwa rya PRC, abaturage babaye abatware b'igihugu. Abafite ubumuga bahawe uburenganzira bwa politiki bungana, bafite uburenganzira n’inshingano byemewe n’abandi baturage. Uwiteka1954 Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’Ubushinwayateganyaga ko “bafite uburenganzira bwo gufashwa”. Inganda zita ku mibereho, ibigo byita ku mibereho, amashuri y’uburezi yihariye, imiryango y’imibereho yihariye n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage byemeje uburenganzira bw’ibanze n’inyungu z’abafite ubumuga kandi biteza imbere imibereho yabo.

Mu myaka ya mbere ya PRC, CPC na guverinoma y'Ubushinwa bashimangiye cyane siporo ku baturage. Parasports yateye imbere gahoro gahoro mumashuri, inganda na sanatori. Umubare munini w’abafite ubumuga bitabiriye cyane ibikorwa bya siporo nka radiyo ya Calisthenike, imyitozo yo ku kazi, tennis ya kimeza, basketball, ndetse no gukurura intambara, ishyiraho urufatiro rw’abafite ubumuga benshi kwitabira siporo.

Mu 1957, imikino yambere yigihugu yurubyiruko rwimpumyi yabereye muri Shanghai. Amashyirahamwe y'imikino kubantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva yashinzwe mu gihugu hose, kandi bategura ibirori by'imikino yo mu karere. Mu 1959, habaye amarushanwa ya mbere mu bagabo mu gihugu cya basketball ku bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva. Amarushanwa ya siporo y'igihugu yashishikarije abamugaye benshi kwitabira siporo, kuzamura ubuzima bwabo, no kongera ishyaka ryo kwishyira hamwe.

2. Parasports yateye imbere byihuse nyuma yo gutangira ivugurura no gufungura.Nyuma yo kuvugurura no gufungura mu 1978, Ubushinwa bwageze ku mpinduka zishingiye ku mateka - kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage bayo kuva mu mibereho yambaye ubusa kugeza ku rwego rw’ibanze rw’iterambere rito. Ibi byagaragaje intambwe nini ku gihugu cy'Ubushinwa - kuva uhagaze neza kugeza ubuzima bwiza.

CPC na guverinoma y'Ubushinwa batangije ingamba nyinshi zo guharanira iterambere rya parasiporo no kuzamura imibereho y'abafite ubumuga. Leta yatangaje UwitekaAmategeko ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa yerekeye kurengera ababana n’ubumuga, kandi yemeje iAmasezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga. Mu gihe ivugurura no gufungura byateye imbere, guteza imbere inyungu z’abafite ubumuga byavuye mu mibereho myiza y’abaturage, bitangwa ahanini mu buryo bw’ubutabazi, mu mibereho rusange. Hashyizweho ingufu nyinshi mu kongera amahirwe ku bamugaye kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’imibereho, no kubahiriza no kurengera uburenganzira bwabo muri byose, hashyirwaho urufatiro rw’iterambere rya parasiporo.

UwitekaAmategeko ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa ku muco w’umubiri na siporoiteganya ko sosiyete muri rusange igomba kwita no gushyigikira uruhare rw’abafite ubumuga mu bikorwa by’imyitozo ngororamubiri, kandi ko guverinoma mu nzego zose zifata ingamba zo guha abamugaye kugira uruhare mu myitozo ngororamubiri. Iri tegeko riteganya kandi ko abamugaye bagomba kubona uburyo bwo kubona siporo rusange n’ibikoresho rusange, kandi ko amashuri azashyiraho uburyo bwo gutegura ibikorwa bya siporo bijyanye n’imiterere yihariye y’abanyeshuri bafite ubuzima bubi cyangwa abamugaye.

Parasports yashyizwe mubikorwa byiterambere ryigihugu no muri gahunda ziterambere ryabafite ubumuga. Uburyo bukwiye bwakazi hamwe na serivisi rusange byatejwe imbere, bituma parasports yinjira murwego rwiterambere ryihuse.

Mu 1983, i Tianjin hatumiwe ubutumire bwa siporo ku rwego rw’igihugu ku bafite ubumuga. Mu 1984, imikino ya mbere y’igihugu y’abafite ubumuga yabereye i Hefei, mu Ntara ya Anhui. Muri uwo mwaka, Ikipe y'Ubushinwa yagaragaye bwa mbere mu mikino ya Paralympike ya 7 yabereye i New York, inegukana umudari wa mbere wa Paralympique. Mu 1994, Pekin yakiriye imikino ya 6 ya kure y’iburasirazuba n’amajyepfo ya pasifika y’abafite ubumuga (Imikino ya FESPIC), umukino wa mbere mpuzamahanga w’imikino myinshi ku bamugaye wabereye mu Bushinwa. Mu 2001, Beijing yatsindiye isoko ryo kwakira imikino Olempike na Paralympique yo mu 2008. Mu 2004, Ikipe y'Ubushinwa yayoboye ibara ry'umudari wa zahabu ndetse n'umubare rusange w’umudari ku nshuro ya mbere mu mikino yaberaga mu mikino Paralympike ya Atene. Mu 2007, Shanghai yakiriye imikino Olempike idasanzwe. Muri 2008, imikino ya Paralympic Summer Summer yabereye i Beijing. Mu mwaka wa 2010, Guangzhou yakiriye imikino ya Para yo muri Aziya.

Muri icyo gihe, Ubushinwa bwashyizeho amashyirahamwe y'imikino menshi y’abafite ubumuga, harimo n’ishyirahamwe ry’imikino mu Bushinwa ry’abafite ubumuga (nyuma ryiswe Komite y’igihugu y’abamugaye mu Bushinwa), Ishyirahamwe ry’imikino mu Bushinwa ry’abatumva, n’ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa mu mutwe. Ingorabahizi (nyuma yiswe Imikino Olempike idasanzwe Ubushinwa). Ubushinwa kandi bwinjiye mu mashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ya siporo agenewe abamugaye, harimo na komite mpuzamahanga y'abamugaye. Hagati aho, mu gihugu hose hashyizweho imiryango itandukanye ya siporo y’abafite ubumuga.

3. Iterambere ryamateka ryakozwe muri parasports mugihe gishya.Kuva muri Kongere ya 18 y’igihugu ya CPC mu 2012, ubusosiyalisiti buranga Ubushinwa bwinjiye mu bihe bishya. Ubushinwa bwubatse umuryango utera imbere mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro muri byose nkuko byari byateganijwe, kandi igihugu cy’Ubushinwa cyageze ku mpinduka nini - kuva guhagarara neza kugeza gutera imbere no gukomera.

Xi Jinping, umunyamabanga mukuru wa komite nkuru ya CPC akaba na perezida w’Ubushinwa, ahangayikishijwe cyane n’abafite ubumuga. Ashimangira ko abamugaye ari abanyamuryango bangana muri sosiyete, n’imbaraga zikomeye mu iterambere ry’umuco w’abantu no gushyigikira no guteza imbere ubusosiyalisiti bw’Abashinwa. Avuga ko abamugaye bashoboye kuyobora ubuzima buhembwa nkabantu bafite ubushobozi. Yategetse kandi ko nta muntu ufite ubumuga ukwiye gusigara inyuma mu gihe hagomba kugerwaho iterambere mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro mu Bushinwa mu 2020. Xi yiyemeje ko Ubushinwa buzateza imbere izindi gahunda z’abafite ubumuga, bugateza imbere iterambere ryabo kandi bagatera imbere, kandi uharanire kubona serivisi zita ku buzima busanzwe kuri buri muntu ufite ubumuga. Yijeje ko Ubushinwa buzatanga imikino Olempike n’imikino Paralempike ihebuje kandi idasanzwe i Beijing 2022.Yashimangiye kandi ko igihugu kigomba kwitondera gutanga serivisi zoroshye, zinoze, zigamije kandi zita ku bakinnyi, cyane cyane mu kuzuza ibikenewe bidasanzwe y'abakinnyi bafite ubumuga bubaka ibikoresho byoroshye. Izi nyigisho zingenzi zerekanye icyerekezo gitera abamugaye mubushinwa.

Ku buyobozi bwa Komite Nkuru ya CPC hamwe na Xi Jinping mu nshingano zayo, Ubushinwa bwinjiza gahunda z’abafite ubumuga muri gahunda rusange y’iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza hamwe na gahunda z’ibikorwa by’uburenganzira bwa muntu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uburenganzira n’inyungu z’abafite ubumuga byararinzwe neza, kandi intego z’uburinganire, uruhare no kugabana byegereje. Abamugaye bafite imyumvire ikomeye yo kunyurwa, umunezero n'umutekano, kandi parasports ifite ibyiringiro byiza byiterambere.

Parasports yashyizwe mu ngamba z’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa mu bijyanye na Fitness-kuri-bose, Ubushinwa buzira umuze, no kubaka Ubushinwa mu gihugu gikomeye muri siporo. UwitekaAmategeko ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa yerekeye serivisi z’umuco rusange n’amabwiriza yerekeye kubaka ibidukikije bigerwahoiteganya ko icyambere kizashyirwa mubikorwa kunoza uburyo bwo kugera kubikorwa bya leta harimo nibikorwa bya siporo. Ubushinwa bwubatse ikibuga cyigihugu cyimikino ngororamubiri kubantu bafite ubumuga. Abamugaye benshi kandi bitabira ibikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, bitabira parasiporo aho batuye ndetse no mu ngo zabo, kandi bakitabira ibikorwa by'imikino yo hanze. Umushinga wo gufasha abamugaye muri gahunda y’igihugu ishinzwe ubuzima bwiza washyizwe mu bikorwa, kandi abahugura siporo ku bafite ubumuga bahuguwe. Ababana n'ubumuga bukomeye bafite serivisi zo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu ngo zabo.

Hashyizweho ingufu zose kugirango twitegure imikino yimikino yabamugaye ya Beijing 2022, kandi abakinnyi b’abashinwa bazitabira ibirori byose. Mu mikino ya Paralempike ya Pyeongchang 2018, abakinnyi b’abashinwa begukanye zahabu muri Wheelchair Curling, umudari wa mbere w’Ubushinwa mu mikino Paralympike. Mu mikino yaberaga mu mikino Paralympike ya Tokiyo 2020, abakinnyi b’abashinwa bageze ku musaruro udasanzwe, baza ku mwanya wa mbere mu mudari wa zahabu ndetse n’umudari muremure ku nshuro ya gatanu yikurikiranya. Abakinnyi b'Abashinwa bateye hejuru mu mikino Olempike no mu mikino Olempike idasanzwe.

Parasports imaze gutera imbere cyane mu Bushinwa, yerekana imbaraga z’inzego z’Ubushinwa mu guteza imbere gahunda z’abafite ubumuga, no kwerekana ibyo imaze kugeraho mu kubahiriza no kurengera uburenganzira n’inyungu z’abafite ubumuga. Mu gihugu hose, gusobanukirwa, kubahana, kwita no gufasha abamugaye bigenda byiyongera. Abamugaye benshi bagenda basohoza inzozi zabo kandi bakagera ku iterambere ryinshi mubuzima bwabo binyuze muri siporo. Ubutwari, ubutwari no kwihangana abamugaye bagaragaza muguhana imipaka no gutera imbere byateye igihugu cyose kandi biteza imbere imibereho n’umuco.

II. Ibikorwa bifatika kubantu bafite ubumuga byateye imbere

Ubushinwa bufata ibikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe ababana n’ubumuga nk’imwe mu ngingo z’ingenzi mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba z’igihugu z’ubuzima bwa Fitness-for-All, Healthy China, ndetse no kubaka Ubushinwa mu gihugu gikomeye muri siporo. Mu gukora ibikorwa bya parasports mu gihugu cyose, gutezimbere ibikubiye muri ibyo bikorwa, kunoza serivisi za siporo, no kongera ingufu mu bushakashatsi n’uburezi, Ubushinwa bwashishikarije abamugaye kurushaho kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinezeza.

1. Ibikorwa byumubiri kubantu bafite ubumuga biratera imbere.Ku rwego rw'abaturage, hateguwe ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinezeza ku bafite ubumuga, bihuza n'imiterere yaho mu mijyi no mu cyaro cy'Ubushinwa. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere uruhare rw’abafite ubumuga mu bikorwa byo kwinezeza by’ibanze no muri siporo ihiganwa, Ubushinwa bwaguye ibikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe ndetse na siporo ngororamubiri ku baturage binyuze mu masoko ya Leta. Umubare w'abitabira ibikorwa by’umuco na siporo by’ibanze ku bafite ubumuga mu Bushinwa wagabanutse, uva kuri 6.8 ku ijana muri 2015 ugera kuri 23.9 ku ijana muri 2021.

Amashuri mu nzego zose no mubwoko bwose yateguye imyitozo yimyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe kubanyeshuri bafite ubumuga, kandi yateje imbere kubyina umurongo, kwishima, gukama ku butaka, nindi siporo ishingiye kumatsinda. Abanyeshuri bo muri za kaminuza ndetse n’abiga mu mashuri abanza n'ayisumbuye bashishikarijwe kwitabira imishinga nka Porogaramu idasanzwe ya kaminuza ya Olempike ndetse no mu mikino Olempike idasanzwe ihuriweho na siporo. Abakozi bo mu buvuzi bakanguriwe kwishora mu bikorwa nko gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe siporo, gushyira mu byiciro bya para-siporo, na gahunda y’imikino Olempike idasanzwe y’abakinnyi bafite ubuzima bwiza, kandi abarezi b’umubiri bashishikarijwe kwitabira serivisi z’umwuga nko kwinonora imitsi n’amahugurwa ya siporo ku bamugaye, na gutanga serivisi kubushake bwa parasports.

Imikino y’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa ku bafite ubumuga yashyizemo ibikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinezeza. Imikino yumupira wamaguru yigihugu kubantu bafite ubumuga yakozwe ifite ibyiciro byinshi kubantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa kutumva cyangwa ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Amakipe yitabiriye amarushanwa yo kubyina ku murongo w’igihugu ku bafite ubumuga ubu aturuka mu ntara zigera kuri 20 hamwe n’inzego z’ubuyobozi zihwanye. Umubare munini wamashuri yuburezi yihariye yatumye umurongo ubyina imyitozo ngororamubiri kubiruhuko byabo nyamukuru.

2. Ibikorwa bya parasports bikorwa mugihugu hose.Ababana n'ubumuga bahora bitabira ibirori bya parasports y'igihugu, nk'umunsi w’imikino Olempike w’igihugu, Icyumweru cy’imyororokere ku bafite ubumuga, ndetse n’igihe cy’imikino y’imvura ku bafite ubumuga. Kuva mu 2007, Ubushinwa bwateguye ibikorwa byo kumenyekanisha umunsi w’imikino Olempike w’igihugu, uzaba ku ya 20 Nyakanga buri mwaka. Kwitabira imikino Olempike idasanzwe byifashishije ubushobozi bw’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, bituma biyubaha, kandi babazana mu baturage. Kuva mu mwaka wa 2011, hafi y’umunsi w’igihugu w’imyororokere buri mwaka, Ubushinwa bwateguye ibikorwa bya parasports mu gihugu hose mu rwego rwo kwizihiza icyumweru cy’imyororokere ku bafite ubumuga, aho habaye ibirori nk’intebe y’ibimuga Tai Chi, umupira wa Tai Chi, n’imikino y’umupira w’impumyi.

Binyuze mu kwitabira ibikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ababana n'ubumuga bamenyereye parasiporo, batangira kwitabira ibikorwa bya siporo, kandi biga gukoresha ibikoresho byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinonora imitsi. Bagize amahirwe yo kwerekana no kungurana ibitekerezo byubuzima bwiza nubuzima bwiza. Imyitwarire myiza hamwe nibitekerezo byiza byashishikarije ubuzima bwabo, kandi barushijeho kwigirira icyizere cyo kwinjiza muri societe. Ibirori nka Marato y’ibimuga ku bamugaye, Ikibazo cya Chess mu bakinnyi batabona, ndetse na Shampiyona y’igihugu ya Tai Chi Ball ku bantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva yateye imbere mu birori bya parasports y'igihugu.

3. Imikino yo mu itumba kubantu bafite ubumuga iriyongera.Buri mwaka kuva mu 2016 Ubushinwa bwakiriye igihe cy'imikino yo mu gihe cy'imvura ku bafite ubumuga, kibaha urubuga rwo kwitabira siporo yo mu gihe cy'itumba, no kuzuza amasezerano ya Beijing 2022 yo kwiyemeza kwinjiza abantu miliyoni 300 mu mikino y'itumba. Umubare w'abitabira wagutse uva mu bice 14 byo ku rwego rw'intara mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'imikino ngororamubiri bigera ku ntara 31 n'inzego z'ubuyobozi zihwanye. Hakozwe ibikorwa bitandukanye bya parasport yimvura ijyanye nibihe byaho, bituma abitabiriye amahugurwa bitabira imikino yimikino yabamugaye, kandi bakitabira imikino yimikino yo mu itumba, imyitozo ngororamubiri n’imyitozo ngororamubiri, hamwe n’ibirori bya shelegi na shelegi. Hashyizweho siporo itandukanye yo mu itumba kugira ngo yitabire abantu benshi kandi itezwa imbere, nko gusiganwa ku maguru mini, gusiganwa ku butaka bwumutse, gukama ku butaka, ice Cuju (umukino gakondo w'Abashinwa wo guhatanira umupira ku rubura), gusiganwa ku maguru, gusiganwa ku maguru, guswera, urubura amagare, umupira wamaguru wa rubura, ubwato bwa dragon ubwato, gukurura urubura-kurwana, no kuroba urubura. Iyi siporo nshyashya kandi ishimishije yagaragaye cyane mubantu bafite ubumuga. Byongeye kandi, kuboneka kwa siporo yimikino nogukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kubantu bafite ubumuga kurwego rwabaturage, hamwe ninkunga ya tekiniki, byatejwe imbere hamwe no gutangaza ibikoresho nkaIgitabo kiyobora kuri siporo yimikino nubuzima bwiza kubantu bafite ubumuga.

4. Serivise yo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinezeza ku bafite ubumuga ikomeza gutera imbere.Ubushinwa bwashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye zo guhuza ababana n'ubumuga mu buzima busanzwe no mu myitozo ngororamubiri, no guteza imbere amatsinda ya serivisi ishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Muri byo harimo: gutangiza umushinga wo kwiteza imbere wo kwiteza imbere hamwe na gahunda yo kwita ku buzima bwa siporo, guteza imbere no guteza imbere gahunda, uburyo n’ibikoresho byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe ababana n’ubumuga, guteza imbere serivisi za siporo n’ibicuruzwa ku bafite ubumuga, no guteza imbere serivisi z’imyororokere ku rwego rw’abaturage kuri bo na serivisi zita ku barwayi bafite ubumuga bukomeye.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Leta byibanze bya siporo rusange (2021 Edition)n'andi mategeko n'amabwiriza y'igihugu ateganya ko ibidukikije by’imyororokere by’abafite ubumuga bigomba kunozwa, kandi bigasaba ko babona ibikoresho rusange ku buntu cyangwa ku giciro gito. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2020, mu gihugu hose hubatswe ibibuga by'imikino 10,675 by’abafite ubumuga, abigisha bose hamwe bagera ku 125.000, kandi ingo 434.000 zifite abamugaye cyane zahawe serivisi zita ku buzima busanzwe n’imyororokere. Hagati aho, Ubushinwa bwayoboye cyane iyubakwa ry’imikino ngororamubiri ku bafite ubumuga hibandwa ku gutera inkunga uduce twateye imbere, imijyi n’icyaro.

5.Iterambere ryakozwe muri parasports uburezi nubushakashatsi.Ubushinwa bwinjije parasport mu burezi bwihariye, guhugura abarimu, na gahunda yo kwigisha umubiri, kandi bwihutisha iterambere ry’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bya parasports. Ubuyobozi bwa siporo mu Bushinwa ku bafite ubumuga, Komite ishinzwe iterambere rya siporo mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi bw’abafite ubumuga mu Bushinwa, hamwe n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bwa parasports mu mashuri makuru na za kaminuza nyinshi, bigize imbaraga nyamukuru mu burezi n’ubushakashatsi. Sisitemu yo guhinga parasports impano yafashe. Amashuri makuru na kaminuza bimwe byafunguye amasomo yatoranijwe kuri parasports. Hakozwe abahinzi ba parasports benshi. Iterambere ryinshi ryakozwe mubushakashatsi bwa parasports. Kugeza mu 2021, imishinga irenga 20 ya parasports yatewe inkunga n'ikigega cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubumenyi rusange mu Bushinwa.

III. Imikorere muri Parasports Iratera imbere Buhamye

Abamugaye bagenda bakora cyane muri siporo. Abakinnyi benshi bafite ubumuga bitabiriye imikino ya siporo haba mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo. Barashaka guhangana n'ibibazo, bakurikirana kwiteza imbere, kwerekana umwuka udacogora, no kurwanira ubuzima bwiza kandi bwiza.

1. Abakinnyi ba parasports b'Abashinwa bitwaye neza mu birori mpuzamahanga by'imikino.Kuva mu 1987, abakinnyi b’abashinwa bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bitabiriye imikino icyenda idasanzwe ya Olempike ku isi n’imikino Olempike irindwi idasanzwe. Mu 1989, abakinnyi b’ibipfamatwi b’abashinwa batangiye umukino mpuzamahanga wa mbere mu mikino ya 16 y’isi y’abatumva i Christchurch yo muri Nouvelle-Zélande. Mu 2007, intumwa z'Ubushinwa zabonye umudari wa bronze mu mikino Olempike ya 16 yaberaga mu mujyi wa Salt Lake City yo muri Amerika - umudari wa mbere wegukanye n'abakinnyi b'Abashinwa muri ibyo birori. Nyuma, abakinnyi b'Abashinwa bageze ku bikorwa by'indashyikirwa mu mikino myinshi yo kutumva no mu gihe cy'imvura. Bagize kandi uruhare rugaragara mu mikino ya siporo yo muri Aziya ku bamugaye kandi batsindira icyubahiro cyinshi. Mu 1984, abakinnyi 24 baturutse mu ntumwa z’abamugaye mu Bushinwa bitabiriye imikino ngororamubiri, Koga no Kumeza ku meza ya Tenisi mu mikino Paralempike ya karindwi yabereye i New York, maze bazana imidari 24, harimo na zahabu ebyiri, bituma ishyaka ry’imikino mu bamugaye mu Bushinwa ryiyongera. Mu mikino Paralympike ikurikira, imikorere yikipe yUbushinwa yerekanye iterambere ryagaragaye. Mu 2004, mu mikino Paralempike ya 12 yabereye muri Atenayi, intumwa z’Ubushinwa zatsindiye imidari 141, harimo zahabu 63, iza ku mwanya wa mbere mu midari ndetse na zahabu yatsindiye. Mu 2021, mu mikino Paralempike ya 16 yabereye i Tokiyo, Ikipe y'Ubushinwa yegukanye imidari 207, harimo na zahabu 96, iza ku mwanya wa mbere mu midari ya zahabu ndetse no ku rutonde rw'imidari muri rusange ku nshuro ya gatanu yikurikiranya. Mugihe cyimyaka 13 yimyaka 5 (2016-2020), Ubushinwa bwohereje intumwa zabakinnyi bamugaye kwitabira imikino 160 yimikino mpuzamahanga, itwara imidari ya zahabu 1111.

2. Ingaruka yibikorwa bya parasports y'igihugu ikomeza kwaguka.Kuva Ubushinwa bwategura imikino yambere y’igihugu y’abafite ubumuga (NGPD) mu 1984, habaye ibirori 11 nkibi, aho siporo yiyongereye kuva kuri itatu (Imikino ngororamubiri, Koga no Kumeza Tennis) igera kuri 34. Kuva imikino ya gatatu mu 1992, NGPD yashyizwe ku rutonde nk'imikino minini ya siporo yemejwe n'Inama ya Leta kandi iba rimwe mu myaka ine. Ibi biremeza ishyirwaho ryimikorere nuburinganire bwa parasport mubushinwa. Muri 2019, Tianjin yakiriye NGPD ya 10 (afatanije n'imikino Olempike ya karindwi y'igihugu idasanzwe) n'imikino y'igihugu y'Ubushinwa. Ibi byatumye umujyi ubanza kwakira NGPD ndetse nImikino yigihugu yUbushinwa. Mu 2021, Shaanxi yakiriye NGPD ya 11 (afatanije n'imikino Olempike ya munani y'igihugu idasanzwe) n'imikino y'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa. Bwari ubwambere NGPD ibera mu mujyi umwe no mu mwaka umwe n'imikino y'igihugu y'Ubushinwa. Ibi byatumaga gahunda yo guhuza no kuyishyira mubikorwa kandi imikino yombi yaratsinze kimwe. Usibye NGPD, Ubushinwa butegura kandi ibikorwa by’igihugu ku giti cye ku byiciro nk'abakinnyi b'impumyi, abakinnyi batumva, ndetse n'abakinnyi bafite ubumuga bwo mu maguru, hagamijwe guhuza abantu benshi bafite ubumuga butandukanye mu bikorwa bya siporo. Binyuze muri ibi birori by'imikino ngororamubiri ku bamugaye buri gihe, igihugu cyahuguye abakinnyi benshi bafite ubumuga kandi bongera ubumenyi bwabo muri siporo.

3. Abakinnyi b'Abashinwa bagaragaza imbaraga ziyongera muri siporo y'abamugaye.Ubushinwa bwatsindiye imikino 2022 y'abamugaye mu mikino yabamugaye byatanze amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere imikino y’imikino Paralympique. Igihugu giha agaciro gakomeye imyiteguro yimikino Paralympike. Yateguye kandi ishyira mubikorwa gahunda y'ibikorwa, ikomeza imbere itegura imikino ya siporo, kandi ihuza ibikorwa byo guhugura, gutera inkunga ibikoresho, na serivisi z'ubushakashatsi. Yateguye imyitozo yo gutoranya abakinnyi bitwaye neza, ishimangira amahugurwa y’abakozi ba tekinike, ikoresha abatoza babishoboye baturutse mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga, ishyiraho amakipe y’imyitozo y’igihugu, kandi iteza imbere ubufatanye mpuzamahanga. Imikino yose uko ari itandatu ya Paralympique yimikino - Alpine Skiing, Biathlon, Skiing Cross-Country Skiing, Snowboard, Ice Hockey, na Wheelchair Curling - yashyizwe muri NGPD, yateje imbere ibikorwa by'imikino yo mu itumba mu ntara 29 n’inzego z’ubuyobozi zihwanye.

Kuva mu 2015 kugeza 2021, imikino y'imikino Paralympique yo mu Bushinwa yiyongereye kuva kuri 2 igera kuri 6, ku buryo imikino yose y'abamugaye mu gihe cy'imvura. Umubare w'abakinnyi wiyongereye uva munsi ya 50 ugera ku 1.000, naho uw'abayobozi ba tekinike uva kuri 0 ugera ku barenga 100. Kuva mu mwaka wa 2018, amarushanwa ngarukamwaka y’igihugu y’imikino ngororamubiri mu mikino Paralympike yaberaga, kandi ibyo birori by'imikino byashyizwe muri 2019 na 2021 NGPD. Abakinnyi ba parasports b'Abashinwa bitabiriye imikino y'abamugaye kuva mu 2016, batwara imidari 47 ya zahabu, 54 ya silver, n'imidari 52 ya bronze. Mu mikino y’imikino yabamugaye ya Beijing 2022, abakinnyi 96 baturutse mu Bushinwa bazitabira imikino 6 yose hamwe n’imikino 73. Ugereranije n’imikino y’imikino Paralympique ya Sochi 2014, umubare w’abakinnyi uziyongera ku barenga 80, imikino ya 4 na 4, naho imikino izabera 67.

4. Uburyo bwo guhugura abakinnyi no gushyigikirwa buratera imbere.Kugirango habeho amarushanwa akwiye, abakinnyi ba parasports bashyizwe mubyiciro byubuvuzi nibikorwa ukurikije ibyiciro byabo na siporo ibakwiriye. Hashyizweho kandi hashyirwaho gahunda y’imyitozo ine y’imikino ngororamubiri y'abakinnyi bitwaye neza, aho urwego rw'intara rushinzwe kumenyekanisha no gutoranya, imyitozo yo mu rwego rw'umujyi n'amajyambere, urwego rw'intara mu myitozo ikomeye no kwitabira imikino, ndetse no ku rwego rw'igihugu yo guhugura impano zingenzi. Hateguwe amarushanwa yo gutoranya urubyiruko ningando zamahugurwa yo guhugura impano zabigenewe.

Hashyizweho ingufu nyinshi mu kubaka itsinda ryabatoza ba parasports, abasifuzi, ibyiciro n’abandi banyamwuga. Hubatswe andi mahugurwa ya parasports, kandi ibigo 45 byamahugurwa byigihugu byatoranijwe kuri parasports, bitanga inkunga na serivisi mubushakashatsi, amahugurwa n'amarushanwa. Guverinoma mu nzego zose zafashe ingamba zo gukemura ibibazo by’uburezi, akazi n’ubwiteganyirize bw’abakinnyi ba parasiporo, no gukora imirimo y’icyitegererezo yo kwandikisha abakinnyi bakomeye mu mashuri makuru nta kizamini.Ingamba zubuyobozi bwa Parasports Ibikorwa nibikorwazatanzwe kugirango ziteze imbere gahunda zisanzwe kandi zisanzwe zimikino ya parasports. Imyitwarire ya Parasports yarashimangiwe. Doping nibindi binyuranyo birabujijwe kugirango habeho ubutabera nubutabera muri parasports.

IV. Gutanga umusanzu muri Parasports mpuzamahanga

Ubushinwa bwuguruye bufata inshingano zabwo mpuzamahanga. Yatsinze kwakira imikino Paralempike ya Beijing 2008, imikino Olempike idasanzwe ya Shanghai 2007 Imikino yo mu mpeshyi, imikino ya gatandatu ya kure y’iburasirazuba n’amajyepfo ya pasifika y’abafite ubumuga, ndetse n’imikino ya Para yo muri Aziya ya Guangzhou 2010, ikanategura byimazeyo imikino y’imikino Paralympique ya Beijing 2022 Imikino na Hangzhou 2022 Imikino ya Para ya Aziya. Ibi byatanze imbaraga zikomeye kubitera abamugaye mubushinwa kandi bitanga umusanzu udasanzwe muri parasports mpuzamahanga. Ubushinwa bwishora mu bikorwa bya siporo mpuzamahanga ku bamugaye kandi bukomeje gushimangira kungurana ibitekerezo n’ubufatanye n’ibindi bihugu ndetse n’imiryango mpuzamahanga y’abafite ubumuga, byubaka ubucuti hagati y’ibihugu byose, harimo n’abafite ubumuga.

1. Ibirori byo muri Aziya byinshi byimikino yabamugaye byateguwe neza.Mu 1994, Pekin yakoresheje imikino ya gatandatu ya kure y'Iburasirazuba na Pasifika y'Amajyepfo ku bamugaye, aho abakinnyi 1.927 baturutse mu bihugu 42 n'uturere bitabiriye, kikaba ari cyo kintu gikomeye mu mateka y'iyi mikino icyo gihe. Bwari bwo bwa mbere Ubushinwa bukora ibirori mpuzamahanga by'imikino myinshi ku bamugaye. Yagaragaje ibyo Ubushinwa bumaze kugeraho mu ivugurura no gufungura no kuvugurura, bigaha abaturage bose kurushaho gusobanukirwa n’akazi k’abafite ubumuga, kuzamura iterambere rya gahunda z’Ubushinwa ku bafite ubumuga, kandi bizamura ishusho y’imyaka icumi y’abafite ubumuga muri Aziya na Pasifika. Abantu.

Mu mwaka wa 2010, imikino ya mbere ya Para ya Aziya yabereye i Guangzhou, yitabiriwe n'abakinnyi baturutse mu bihugu 41 n'uturere. Iki cyari igikorwa cya mbere cyimikino cyabaye nyuma yo kuvugurura amashyirahamwe ya parasports yo muri Aziya. Bibaye kandi ku nshuro ya mbere imikino ya Para yo muri Aziya ibera mu mujyi umwe no mu mwaka umwe n’imikino yo muri Aziya, biteza imbere ibidukikije bitarangwamo inzitizi muri Guangzhou. Imikino ya Para yo muri Aziya yafashije kwerekana ubuhanga bwa siporo bw’abafite ubumuga, hashyirwaho umwuka mwiza wo gufasha ababana n’ubumuga kwinjiza neza muri sosiyete, bituma abamugaye benshi bagira uruhare mu mbuto z’iterambere, kandi bakazamura urwego rwa parasiporo muri Aziya.

Mu 2022, imikino ya kane ya Aziya Para izabera i Hangzhou. Abakinnyi ba parasports bagera ku 3.800 baturutse mu bihugu n’uturere birenga 40 bazitabira imikino 604 muri siporo 22. Iyi mikino izateza imbere ubucuti nubufatanye muri Aziya.

2. Imikino idasanzwe ya Shanghai 2007 Imikino Yisi Yisi Yagenze neza cyane.Mu 2007, imikino Olempike ya 12 idasanzwe ku isi yabereye mu mujyi wa Shanghai, yitabiriwe n’abakinnyi n’abatoza barenga 10,000 baturutse mu bihugu n’uturere 164 kwitabira imikino 25. Bwari bwo bwa mbere igihugu kiri mu nzira y'amajyambere gikora imikino Olempike idasanzwe mu mikino yo mu mpeshyi ku nshuro ya mbere kandi ni bwo bwa mbere imikino ibera muri Aziya. Byongereye icyizere ababana n'ubumuga bwo mu mutwe imbaraga zabo zo kwishyira hamwe muri sosiyete, kandi biteza imbere imikino Olempike idasanzwe mu Bushinwa.

Mu rwego rwo kwizihiza imikino Olempike idasanzwe ya Shanghai Imikino yo mu mpeshyi ku isi, ku ya 20 Nyakanga, umunsi wo gutangiza ibirori, wagenwe nk'umunsi w’imikino Olempike ku rwego rw’igihugu. Ishyirahamwe ry’abakorerabushake ryiswe “Izuba Rirashe” ryashinzwe muri Shanghai mu rwego rwo gufasha ababana n’ubumuga bwo mu mutwe guhabwa amahugurwa yo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, amahugurwa y’uburezi, kwita ku bana, no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe imyuga. Hashingiwe kuri ubwo bunararibonye, ​​gahunda ya “Izuba Rirashe” yatangijwe mu gihugu hose kugira ngo ifashe ibigo byita ku miryango ndetse n’ingo mu gutanga serivisi no gufasha ababana n’ubumuga bwo mu mutwe cyangwa mu mutwe ndetse n’abafite ubumuga bukomeye.

3. Imikino y'abamugaye ya Beijing 2008 yagejejwe ku rwego rwo hejuru rushoboka.Mu mwaka wa 2008, Pekin yakiriye imikino Paralempike ya 13, ihuza abakinnyi 4.032 baturutse mu bihugu no mu turere 147 kwitabira imikino 472 mu mikino 20. Umubare w'abakinnyi bitabiriye, ibihugu n'uturere n'umubare w'amarushanwa byose byatsindiye amateka menshi mu mateka y'imikino y'abamugaye. Imikino Paralempike yo mu 2008 yatumye Beijing iba umujyi wa mbere ku isi wasabye kandi wakira imikino Olempike n’imikino Paralempike icyarimwe; Pekin yashohoje amasezerano yayo yo gukina “imikino ibiri y'ubwiza bungana”, kandi itanga Paralympike idasanzwe ku rwego rwo hejuru rushoboka. Intego yacyo yo “kurenga, kwishyira hamwe no kugabana” byagaragaje uruhare rw’Ubushinwa mu ndangagaciro z’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’abamugaye. Iyi mikino yasize umurage utubutse mu bigo by'imikino, ubwikorezi bwo mu mijyi, ibikoresho bigerwaho, na serivisi z'abakorerabushake, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza iterambere rikomeye mu bikorwa by'Ubushinwa ku bafite ubumuga.

Pekin yubatse icyiciro cya serivise zisanzwe zitwa "Urugo Ruhire" kugirango zifashe abamugaye nimiryango yabo kwishimira uburyo bwo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe imyuga, amahugurwa y’uburezi, kwita ku bana, n’ibikorwa byo kwidagadura na siporo, bituma habaho uburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe muri sosiyete ku buryo bungana. ishingiro.

Abaturage basobanukiwe no gutanga abamugaye na siporo yabo bariyongereye. Igitekerezo cy "uburinganire, uruhare no kugabana" birashinga imizi, mugihe gusobanukirwa, kubaha, gufasha, no kwita kubamugaye bigenda biba akamenyero muri societe. Ubushinwa bwasohoye amasezerano mpuzamahanga ku muryango mpuzamahanga. Yakomeje umwuka w’imikino Olempike w’ubufatanye, ubucuti n’amahoro, iteza imbere ubwumvikane n’ubucuti hagati y’ibihugu byose, bituma interuro ya “Isi imwe, Inzozi imwe” yumvikana ku isi yose, kandi ishimwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga.

4. Ubushinwa burimo gukora ibishoboka byose ngo bwitegure imikino yimikino yabamugaye ya Beijing 2022.Muri 2015, hamwe na Zhangjiakou, Beijing yatsindiye isoko ryo kwakira imikino Olempike na Paralympique 2022. Ibi byatumye umujyi ubanza kwakira abamugaye mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'imbeho, kandi bigatanga amahirwe menshi yo kwiteza imbere kuri parasiporo. Ubushinwa bwiyemeje gutegura ibirori bya siporo “icyatsi kibisi, kirimo, gifunguye kandi gifite isuku”, kandi kikaba “cyoroshye, gifite umutekano kandi cyiza”. Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, igihugu cyashyize ingufu mu gushyikirana no gufatanya na komite mpuzamahanga y'abamugaye ndetse n’indi miryango mpuzamahanga ya siporo mu gushyira mu bikorwa protocole zose zo kurwanya no gukumira Covid-19. Hateguwe imyiteguro irambuye yo gutegura imikino na serivisi zijyanye nayo, gukoresha siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga ndetse n'ibikorwa ndangamuco mu gihe cy'imikino.

Muri 2019, Pekin yatangije gahunda idasanzwe yo guteza imbere ibidukikije bitarangwamo inzitizi, yibanda ku bikorwa 17 by'ingenzi byo gukemura ibibazo mu bice by'ingenzi nk'imihanda yo mu mijyi, ubwikorezi rusange, ibibuga bikorerwamo serivisi rusange, no guhana amakuru. Ibikoresho hamwe n’ibibanza byose hamwe 336.000 byahinduwe, bimenyekanisha uburyo bwibanze bwibanze mu murwa mukuru w’umurwa mukuru, bituma ibidukikije bitarangwamo inzitizi birushaho kuba byiza, byakira kandi bifite gahunda. Zhangjiakou kandi yateje imbere ibidukikije bidafite inzitizi, biganisha ku iterambere rigaragara.

Ubushinwa bwashyizeho kandi bunoza gahunda yimikino yimvura hamwe na siporo ya shelegi na shelegi nkinkingi, kugirango ishishikarize abamugaye kwitabira siporo yimvura. Imikino y'imikino y'abamugaye ya Beijing izaba kuva ku ya 4 kugeza ku ya 13 Werurwe 2022.Ku ya 20 Gashyantare 2022, abakinnyi 647 baturutse mu bihugu 48 n'uturere 48 biyandikishije kandi bazitabira iyo mikino. Ubushinwa bwiteguye byimazeyo kwakira abakinnyi baturutse impande zose z'isi mu mikino.

5. Ubushinwa bugira uruhare rugaragara mu bihugu mpuzamahanga.Ubufatanye bukomeye mpuzamahanga butuma Ubushinwa bugira uruhare runini muri parasiporo mpuzamahanga. Igihugu gifite ijambo ryinshi mubibazo bifitanye isano, kandi imbaraga zacyo ziragenda ziyongera. Kuva mu 1984, Ubushinwa bwinjiye mu mashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ya siporo mpuzamahanga y’abafite ubumuga, harimo Komite mpuzamahanga y’abamugaye (IPC), Amashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ya siporo y’abafite ubumuga (IOSDs), Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’imikino itabona (IBSA), Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’imikino n’imyidagaduro ya Cerebral Palsy. (CPU) .

Yashyizeho umubano winshuti nimiryango yimikino yabamugaye mubihugu byinshi nakarere. Komite y’igihugu y’abamugaye mu Bushinwa (NPCC), Ishyirahamwe ry’imikino mu Bushinwa ry’abatumva, n’imikino Olempike idasanzwe Ubushinwa bwabaye abanyamuryango b’imiryango mpuzamahanga ya siporo ku bamugaye. Ubushinwa bwitabiriye inama zingenzi zerekeye siporo mpuzamahanga ku bamugaye, nk'Inteko rusange ya IPC, izagaragaza inzira y'ejo hazaza h'iterambere. Abashinwa, abasifuzi, n'impuguke batoranijwe nk'abagize inama nyobozi na komite zidasanzwe za FESPIC, ICSD, na IBSA. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubumenyi bwa siporo ku bamugaye, Ubushinwa bwasabye kandi bushiraho abanyamwuga kuba abayobozi ba tekinike n’abasifuzi mpuzamahanga b’imiryango mpuzamahanga ya siporo ifitanye isano n’abafite ubumuga.

6. Hakozwe uburyo bunini bwo kungurana ibitekerezo kuri parasports.Ubushinwa bwohereje itsinda ry’imikino ya gatatu ya FESPIC mu 1982 - ku nshuro ya mbere abakinnyi b’abashinwa bafite ubumuga bitabira imikino mpuzamahanga. Ubushinwa bwagize uruhare runini mu kungurana ibitekerezo n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga kuri parasiporo, zikaba ari kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi mu kungurana ibitekerezo hagati y’abaturage mu mibanire y’ibihugu byombi ndetse n’ubufatanye bw’ibihugu byinshi, birimo gahunda y’umukanda n’umuhanda ndetse n’ihuriro ry’ubufatanye bw’Ubushinwa na Afurika.

Muri 2017, Ubushinwa bwakiriye ibirori byo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku Muhanda no ku Muhanda ku bufatanye bw’abafite ubumuga kandi butanga gahunda yo guteza imbere ubufatanye no kungurana ibitekerezo ku bumuga hagati y’ibihugu by’Umukanda n’imihanda n’izindi nyandiko, inashyiraho ihuriro ry’ubufatanye mu gusaranganya ibikoresho bya siporo n’umutungo. Ibi birimo ibigo 45 byimyitozo yo murwego rwigihugu kubijyanye na parasiporo yimpeshyi nimbeho byugururiwe abakinnyi nabatoza baturutse mubihugu byumukandara nu Muhanda. Mu mwaka wa 2019, habaye ihuriro ryerekeranye na parasiporo mu rwego rw’umukandara n’umuhanda hagamijwe guteza imbere imyigire hagati y’imiryango itandukanye ya siporo ku bafite ubumuga, itanga icyitegererezo cyo kungurana ubufatanye n’ubufatanye mu bijyanye na parasiporo. Muri uwo mwaka, NPCC yasinyanye amasezerano y’ubufatanye na komite z’abamugaye bo muri Finlande, Uburusiya, Ubugereki n’ibindi bihugu. Hagati aho, umubare munini wo kungurana ibitekerezo kuri parasiporo wabaye hagati yUbushinwa n’ibindi bihugu mu mujyi ndetse no mu nzego z’ibanze.

V. Ibyagezweho muri Parasports byerekana iterambere mu burenganzira bwa muntu mu Bushinwa

Ibikorwa by'indashyikirwa byagezweho na parasports mu Bushinwa byerekana ubuhanga bwa siporo n'ubuhanga bwa siporo by'abafite ubumuga, n'iterambere Ubushinwa butera mu burenganzira bwa muntu no mu iterambere ry'igihugu. Ubushinwa bwubahiriza uburyo bushingiye ku baturage bufata imibereho myiza nk’uburenganzira bw’ibanze bwa muntu, bugateza imbere iterambere ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu, kandi bukarengera neza uburenganzira n’inyungu z’imiryango itishoboye, harimo n’abafite ubumuga. Kwitabira siporo nikintu cyingenzi cyuburenganzira bwo kubaho no kwiteza imbere kubafite ubumuga. Iterambere rya parasports rihuye niterambere rusange ryUbushinwa; isubiza neza ibyo ababana nubumuga bakeneye kandi igateza imbere ubuzima bwabo bwumubiri nubwenge. Parasports nigaragaza neza iterambere niterambere ryuburenganzira bwa muntu mubushinwa. Bateza imbere indangagaciro rusange z’ikiremwamuntu, guteza imbere kungurana ibitekerezo, kumvikana n’ubucuti hagati y’abantu ku isi hose, kandi bagatanga ubwenge bw’Ubushinwa mu kubaka gahunda y’imiyoborere myiza, iboneye, ishyize mu gaciro kandi ihuriweho na bose ku burenganzira bwa muntu, no kubungabunga amahoro n’iterambere ry’isi.

1.Ubushinwa bwubahiriza uburyo bushingiye ku baturage kandi buteza imbere ubuzima bw’umubiri n’ubwenge bw’abafite ubumuga.Ubushinwa bushimangira uburyo bushingiye ku baturage mu kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu, kandi burengera uburenganzira n’inyungu z’abafite ubumuga binyuze mu iterambere. Igihugu cyashyize gahunda z’abafite ubumuga mu ngamba z’iterambere ry’iterambere kandi kigera ku ntego yo “kubaka umuryango utera imbere mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro muri byose, nta muntu wasize inyuma, harimo n’abafite ubumuga”. Siporo nuburyo bwiza bwo kuzamura ubuzima bwabantu no guhaza icyifuzo cyabo cyo kubaho neza. Kubafite ubumuga, kwitabira siporo birashobora gufasha kubaka imyitozo ngororamubiri no kugabanya no gukuraho ubumuga bukora. Irashobora kongera ubushobozi bwumuntu kugiti cye, gukurikirana inyungu nibyishimisha, kongera imikoranire myiza, kuzamura imibereho, no kugera kubuzima bwabo.

Ubushinwa bwita cyane ku kurengera uburenganzira bw’ubuzima bw’abafite ubumuga kandi bushimangira ko “buri muntu ufite ubumuga agomba kubona serivisi zita ku buzima busanzwe”. Siporo ku bamugaye yashyizwe muri serivisi zita ku buzima busanzwe. Guverinoma mu nzego zose zashakishije uburyo bushya bwo gukorera ababana n'ubumuga mu nzego z'ibanze, kandi zikora ibikorwa byinshi byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinezeza hakoreshejwe siporo. Mu mashuri, abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga basezeranijwe ko bazitabira siporo mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ubuzima bwabo bw’umubiri n’ibitekerezo no guteza imbere iterambere ryabo. Abamugaye bafite garanti ikomeye yuburenganzira ku buzima binyuze mu myitozo ngororamubiri.

2. Ubushinwa bushimangira uburinganire n’ubufatanye bw’abafite ubumuga mu rwego rw’igihugu.Ubushinwa buri gihe bukurikiza ihame ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu mu rwego rw’igihugu, kandi ryizera neza ko uburenganzira bwo kubaho no kwiteza imbere ari uburenganzira bw’ibanze n’ibanze bwa muntu. Gutezimbere imibereho myiza yabaturage, kureba neza ko aribo bayobozi bigihugu, no guteza imbere iterambere ryabo ryose nintego zingenzi, kandi Ubushinwa bukora cyane kugirango habeho uburinganire nubutabera.

Amategeko n'amabwiriza y'Ubushinwa ateganya ko ababana n'ubumuga bafite uburenganzira bungana mu bikorwa by’umuco na siporo. Ingaruka zabyo, abamugaye bafite uburenganzira bwo kurengera uburenganzira kandi bagahabwa ubufasha bwihariye. Ubushinwa bwubatse kandi bunoza ibikoresho bya siporo rusange, butanga serivisi zijyanye, kandi butanga serivisi z’imikino rusange ku bafite ubumuga. Yafashe kandi izindi ngamba zikomeye zo gushyiraho ibidukikije bigerwaho muri siporo - kuvugurura ibibuga by'imikino n’ibikoresho kugira ngo birusheho kugera ku bamugaye, kuzamura no gufungura sitade na siporo ku bamugaye bose, bitanga ubufasha bukenewe mu gukoresha neza ibyo bikoresho , no gukuraho inzitizi zo hanze zibangamira uruhare rwabo muri siporo.

Imikino ngororamubiri nk'imikino y'abamugaye ya Beijing yatumye abamugaye bitabira cyane mu bikorwa by'imibereho, atari muri siporo gusa ahubwo no mu bukungu, imibereho myiza, umuco n'ibidukikije, ndetse no mu mijyi n'akarere. Ibibanza bikuru bya parasports hirya no hino mubushinwa bikomeje gukorera abamugaye nyuma yibirori birangiye, biba icyitegererezo cyiterambere ryimijyi itagira inzitizi.

Mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubumuga bw’abafite ubumuga mu bikorwa by’ubuhanzi n’imikino, abayobozi b’ibanze banateje imbere ibikorwa by’imipaka y’abaturage, barera kandi batera inkunga imiryango yabo ya siporo n’ubuhanzi, bagura serivisi z’imibereho itandukanye, banakira ibikorwa bya siporo birimo abamugaye ndetse n’abari muri ubuzima bwiza. Imiryango n’ibigo bireba byateje imbere kandi bikwirakwiza ibikoresho bito bito byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwinezeza bikwiranye n’imiterere yaho kandi bigenewe abantu bafite ubumuga butandukanye. Bakoze kandi batanga gahunda nuburyo bukunzwe.

Abamugaye barashobora kwitabira byimazeyo siporo kugirango barebe imipaka yubushobozi bwabo kandi barenze imipaka. Binyuze mu bumwe nakazi gakomeye, barashobora kwishimira uburinganire nubwitabire hamwe nubuzima bwiza. Parasports iteza imbere indangagaciro z'umuco gakondo w'Abashinwa nk'ubwumvikane, kwishyira hamwe, guha agaciro ubuzima, no gufasha abanyantege nke, kandi bigashishikariza abandi bantu benshi bafite ubumuga gutsimbataza ishyaka rya parasiporo bagatangira kubigiramo uruhare. Kugaragaza kwihesha agaciro, kwigirira icyizere, kwigenga, n'imbaraga, biteza imbere umwuka wa siporo y'Ubushinwa. Kugaragaza imbaraga zabo n'imico yabo binyuze muri siporo, barusheho guharanira uburenganzira bwabo kuburinganire no kugira uruhare muri societe.

3. Ubushinwa bwita ku burenganzira bwa muntu bwose kugira ngo bugere ku iterambere ry’abafite ubumuga.Parasports ni indorerwamo yerekana imibereho n'uburenganzira bwa muntu bw'abafite ubumuga. Ubushinwa bwizeza uburenganzira bwabo mu bukungu, politiki, imibereho myiza n’umuco, bubashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwo kwitabira siporo, kugira uruhare mu zindi nzego, no kugera ku majyambere yose. Mu gihe hubakwa demokarasi y’abaturage yose, Ubushinwa bwasabye abamugaye, ababahagarariye, n’imiryango yabo, kugira ngo gahunda y’imikino y’igihugu irusheho kunganya no kwishyira hamwe.

Serivisi nyinshi z’abafite ubumuga zashimangiwe kandi zinonosorwa: ubwiteganyirize, serivisi zita ku mibereho myiza y’abaturage, uburezi, uburenganzira ku murimo, serivisi z’amategeko rusange, kurengera uburenganzira bwabo bwite n’umutungo, n’ingamba zo gukuraho ivangura. Abakinnyi b'indashyikirwa mu bijyanye na parasports bashimirwa buri gihe, kimwe n'abantu ku giti cyabo ndetse n’imiryango igira uruhare mu iterambere rya parasiporo.

Kwamamaza guteza imbere parasports byarushijeho gukaza umurego, gukwirakwiza imyumvire mishya n'inzira zinyuze mu nzira zitandukanye, no gushyiraho imibereho myiza. Abaturage muri rusange basobanukiwe byimazeyo indangagaciro za Paralympique y "ubutwari, kwiyemeza, guhumeka no kureshya". Bashimangira ibitekerezo byuburinganire, kwishyira hamwe, no gukuraho inzitizi, bashishikajwe cyane n’ibikorwa bireba ababana n’ubumuga, kandi batanga inkunga.

Hariho uruhare runini rwimibereho mubikorwa nkicyumweru cyimyitozo yubumuga bwabafite ubumuga, icyumweru cyumuco kubantu bafite ubumuga, umunsi w’imikino Olempike w’igihugu, ndetse nigihembwe cya siporo yimvura kubantu bafite ubumuga. Ibikorwa nko gutera inkunga, serivisi zabakorerabushake hamwe nitsinda ryishima rishyigikira kandi rishishikariza ababana nubumuga kwitabira siporo no gusangira inyungu zizanwa niterambere ryimibereho.

Parasports yafashije mu rwego rwo gushishikariza umuryango muri rusange kubaha no guha agaciro icyubahiro kavukire n'uburenganzira bungana bw'abafite ubumuga. Mubikora batanze umusanzu ufatika mugutezimbere imibereho.

4. Ubushinwa bushishikariza ubufatanye mpuzamahanga no kungurana ibitekerezo muri parasports.Ubushinwa bushimangira kwigira no kungurana ibitekerezo hagati y’umuco, kandi bufata parasports nkigice kinini cy’ingurane mpuzamahanga mu bamugaye. Nimbaraga zikomeye za siporo, Ubushinwa bugira uruhare runini mubibazo mpuzamahanga bya parasports, biteza imbere cyane iterambere rya parasiporo mukarere ndetse nisi muri rusange.

Iterambere muri parasports mu Bushinwa ni ibisubizo by’igihugu mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa byaAmasezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga, na Gahunda ya Loni 2030 igamije iterambere rirambye. Ubushinwa bwubaha ubudasa mu bindi bihugu by’umuco, siporo n’imibereho, kandi buteza imbere uburinganire n’ubutabera mu bikorwa mpuzamahanga bya siporo. Yatanze inkunga idasubirwaho mu kigega cy’iterambere cya komite mpuzamahanga y’abamugaye, kandi yubatse ibikorwa remezo bya siporo n’uburyo bwo kugabana umutungo, kandi ifungura ibigo by’igihugu byigisha imyitozo ya parasports ku bakinnyi bafite ubumuga n’abatoza baturutse mu bindi bihugu.

Ubushinwa burashishikariza ababana n'ubumuga kwishora mu bikorwa mpuzamahanga by'imikino ngororamubiri, mu rwego rwo kwagura abantu hagati yabo, guteza imbere ubwumvikane no guhuza, kwegera abaturage bo mu bihugu bitandukanye, kugera ku miyoborere myiza, ishyize mu gaciro kandi ihuriweho n’imiyoborere y’uburenganzira bwa muntu ku isi, kandi guteza imbere amahoro niterambere ryisi.

Ubushinwa bushyigikiye ubumuntu n’amahanga, bushimangira ko ababana n’ubumuga bose ari abantu bangana mu muryango w’abantu, kandi buteza imbere ubufatanye mpuzamahanga no kungurana ibitekerezo. Ibi bigira uruhare mu kwigira binyuze mu kungurana ibitekerezo hagati y’umuco, no kubaka umuryango w’isi yose w’ejo hazaza.

Umwanzuro

Ubuvuzi butangwa ku bamugaye ni ikimenyetso cyiterambere ryimibereho. Gutezimbere parasports bigira uruhare runini mugushishikariza ababana nubumuga kwiyubaha, kwigirira icyizere, kwigenga, n'imbaraga, no gukurikirana kwiteza imbere. Itera imbere umwuka wo guhora wivugurura kandi igatera umwuka ushishikariza umuryango wose gusobanukirwa, kubahana, kwita no gufasha abamugaye nimpamvu zabo. Irashishikariza abantu gukorera hamwe kugirango bateze imbere iterambere ryuzuye niterambere rusange ryabafite ubumuga.

Kuva PRC yashingwa, na cyane cyane nyuma ya Kongere ya 18 ya CPC, Ubushinwa bwateye intambwe ishimishije muri parasports. Muri icyo gihe, twakagombye kumenya ko iterambere rikomeje kutaringaniza kandi ridahagije. Hariho intera nini hagati y'uturere dutandukanye no hagati y'icyaro n'imijyi, kandi ubushobozi bwo gutanga serivisi buracyari buhagije. Igipimo cyo kwitabira ibikorwa byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, imyitozo ngororamubiri n’ibikorwa bya siporo bigomba kongerwa, kandi parasport yimbeho igomba kurushaho kumenyekana. Hariho imirimo myinshi itarakorwa mugutezimbere parasports.

Ku buyobozi bukomeye bwa Komite Nkuru ya CPC hamwe na Xi Jinping, Ishyaka na guverinoma y'Ubushinwa bizakomeza gushyigikira filozofiya y’iterambere ishingiye ku baturage mu kubaka Ubushinwa mu gihugu cy’abasosiyalisiti kigezweho muri byose. Ntibazigera bakora ibishoboka byose ngo batange ubufasha ku matsinda atishoboye, barebe ko abamugaye bafite uburenganzira bungana, kandi batezimbere imibereho yabo ndetse n’ubuhanga bwabo bwo kwiteza imbere. Hazafatwa ingamba zifatika zo kubahiriza no kurengera uburenganzira n’inyungu z’abafite ubumuga, harimo n’uburenganzira bwo kwitabira siporo, hagamijwe guteza imbere icyabafite ubumuga no kugera ku byo bategereje kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Inkomoko: Xinhua