Ma Parasports aku China:
Kupita patsogolo ndi Kutetezedwa kwa Ufulu
Ofesi ya State Council Information ya
dziko la People's Republic of China
Zamkatimu
Mawu Oyamba
I. Ma Parasport Apita Patsogolo Kudzera mu Chitukuko Chadziko
II. Zochita Zolimbitsa Thupi za Anthu olumala zakula bwino
III. Zochita mu Parasports Zikuyenda Bwino Kwambiri
IV. Kuthandizira ku International Parasports
V. Zomwe Zapindula mu Parasports Zikuwonetsa Kusintha kwa Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa China
Mapeto
Mawu Oyamba
Masewera ndi ofunika kwa anthu onse, kuphatikizapo olumala. Kupanga ma parasports ndi njira yabwino yothandizira anthu olumala kuti azitha kulimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi malingaliro, kutenga nawo mbali pazochita zamasewera, ndikupeza chitukuko chambiri. Zimaperekanso mwayi wapadera kwa anthu kuti amvetse bwino zomwe anthu olumala angathe kuchita komanso kufunika kwake, ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa anthu ndi kupita patsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga ma parasport ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti anthu olumala atha kukhala ndi ufulu wofanana, kuyanjana mosavuta ndi anthu, ndikugawana zipatso za chitukuko cha zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Kuchita nawo masewera ndi ufulu wofunikira wa anthu olumala komanso gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo cha anthu.
Komiti Yaikulu ya Chipani cha Communist Party of China (CPC) yokhala ndi Xi Jinping pachimake imayika kufunikira kwakukulu pazifukwa za olumala, ndikuwapatsa chisamaliro chachikulu. Kuyambira pa 18th CPC National Congress mu 2012, motsogozedwa ndi Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China yaphatikizirapo chifukwa ichi mu Mapulani Ophatikizana a magawo asanu ndi njira zinayi zomveka bwino, ndipo adachitapo kanthu mwamphamvu komanso kothandiza. kupanga ma parasports. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ma parasports ku China, othamanga ambiri olumala agwira ntchito molimbika ndikupeza ulemu kudziko lino pamabwalo apadziko lonse lapansi, kulimbikitsa anthu kudzera mu luso lawo lamasewera. Kupita patsogolo kwa mbiri yakale kwachitika popanga masewera a anthu olumala.
Ndi Masewera a Zima a Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter atsala pang'ono kutha, othamanga olumala akukopanso chidwi padziko lonse lapansi. Masewerawa adzapereka mwayi wopanga ma parasports ku China; adzathandiza gulu la parasports kuti lipite patsogolo "pamodzi mtsogolo mogawana".
I. Ma Parasport Apita Patsogolo Kudzera mu Chitukuko Chadziko
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa People's Republic of China (PRC) mu 1949, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi kumanganso, kusintha ndi kutsegulira, kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina cha nyengo yatsopano, komanso kupita patsogolo chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha anthu. olumala, ma parasports apita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono ndipo akuyenda bwino, akuyamba njira yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a Chitchaina ndikulemekeza zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano.
1. Kupita patsogolo kwapang'onopang'ono kunachitika mu parasports pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa PRC.Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa PRC, anthu adakhala ambuye adziko. Anthu olumala anapatsidwa udindo wofanana pa ndale, kukhala ndi ufulu ndi udindo wofanana ndi nzika zina. The1954 Constitution ya People's Republic of Chinaadafotokoza kuti "ali ndi ufulu wothandizidwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi". Mafakitole azaubwino, mabungwe azaubwino, masukulu a maphunziro apadera, mabungwe apadera a anthu komanso malo abwino okhala anthu atsimikizira ufulu ndi zofuna za anthu olumala ndikusintha miyoyo yawo.
M'zaka zoyambirira za PRC, CPC ndi boma la China adawona kuti masewerawa ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa anthu. Ma Parasports adapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono m'masukulu, m'mafakitole ndi m'masanatorium. Ziŵerengero zazikulu za anthu olumala zinkatenga nawo mbali m’zochitika zamasewera monga wailesi ya calisthenics, masewera olimbitsa thupi a kuntchito, tennis ya tebulo, basketball, ndi tug of war, kuyala maziko a anthu olumala ambiri kutenga nawo mbali m’maseŵera.
Mu 1957, masewera oyamba amtundu wa achinyamata akhungu anachitika ku Shanghai. Mabungwe amasewera a anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva adakhazikitsidwa m'dziko lonselo, ndipo adakonza zochitika zamasewera m'madera. Mu 1959, mpikisano woyamba wa basketball wa amuna wamtundu wa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva unachitika. Mpikisano wamasewera adziko lonse unalimbikitsa anthu olumala ambiri kuchita nawo masewera, kulimbitsa thupi lawo, komanso kukulitsa chidwi chawo chofuna kugwirizana.
2. Ma Parasports adapita patsogolo mwachangu kutsatira kukhazikitsidwa kwakusintha ndikutsegula.Kutsatira kukhazikitsidwa kwa kusintha ndi kutsegulidwa mu 1978, dziko la China lidakwanitsa kusintha kwa mbiriyakale - kukweza moyo wa anthu ake kuchoka ku moyo wopanda kanthu kupita ku gawo lofunikira la chitukuko chapakati. Izi zidawonetsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwa dziko la China - kuyambira kuyimirira mpaka kukhala otukuka.
CPC ndi boma la China adakhazikitsa njira zazikulu zolimbikitsira kupita patsogolo kwa ma parasport ndikusintha miyoyo ya olumala. Boma lidalengeza zaLamulo la People's Republic of China pa Chitetezo cha Anthu Olemala, ndi kuvomerezaPangano la Ufulu wa Anthu olumala. Pamene kusintha ndi kutsegulira kunkapita patsogolo, kupititsa patsogolo zofuna za anthu olumala kunasintha kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha anthu, zomwe zimaperekedwa makamaka ngati chithandizo, kukhala ntchito yokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Kuyesetsa kwakukulu kunapangidwa kuti awonjezere mwayi kwa anthu olumala kuti achite nawo ntchito zamagulu, komanso kulemekeza ndi kuteteza ufulu wawo m'njira zonse, ndikuyika maziko a chitukuko cha parasports.
TheLamulo la People's Republic of China pa Physical Culture and Sportslinanena kuti anthu onse ayenera kuganizira ndi kuthandiza anthu olumala kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zolimbitsa thupi, komanso kuti maboma pamagulu onse achitepo kanthu kuti anthu olumala azitha kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi. Lamuloli likunenanso kuti anthu olumala akuyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza malo ochitira masewera a anthu onse, komanso kuti masukulu azikhazikitsa mikhalidwe yokonzekera masewera ogwirizana ndi momwe ophunzirawo ali ndi thanzi labwino kapena olumala.
Ma Parasports adaphatikizidwa munjira zachitukuko cha dziko komanso mu mapulani a chitukuko cha olumala. Njira zoyenera zogwirira ntchito ndi ntchito zapagulu zidasinthidwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ma parasports alowe gawo lachitukuko chofulumira.
Mu 1983, ku Tianjin kunachitika mwambo woitanira anthu olumala. Mu 1984, Masewera Oyamba a Anthu Olemala anachitika ku Hefei, m'chigawo cha Anhui. M'chaka chomwecho, Team China idachita nawo masewera a 7th Paralympic Summer Games ku New York, ndipo idapambana mendulo yake yoyamba yagolide ya Paralympic. Mu 1994, Beijing adachita nawo Masewera achisanu ndi chimodzi a Far East ndi South Pacific for Disabled (FESPIC Games), chochitika choyamba chapadziko lonse cha anthu olumala chomwe chinachitikira ku China. Mu 2001, Beijing adapambana mwayi wochita nawo Masewera a Olimpiki a 2008 ndi Paralympic Summer. Mu 2004, Team China idatsogolera kuwerengera kwa mendulo zagolide komanso kuchuluka kwa mendulo zonse kwa nthawi yoyamba pa Masewera a Chilimwe a Athens Paralympic. Mu 2007, Shanghai inachititsa Masewera a Olimpiki Apadera Padziko Lonse Lachilimwe. Mu 2008, Paralympic Summer Games inachitika ku Beijing. Mu 2010, Guangzhou adachita nawo Masewera a Asian Para.
Panthawiyi, dziko la China linakhazikitsa mabungwe angapo a masewera a anthu olumala, kuphatikizapo China Sports Association for the Disabled (kenako inadzatchedwa National Paralympic Committee of China), China Sports Association for the Deaf, ndi China Association for the Mentally. Challenged (kenako adadzatchedwanso Special Olympics China). China idalowanso m'mabungwe angapo amasewera apadziko lonse lapansi a olumala, kuphatikiza Komiti ya International Paralympic Committee. Panthawiyi, mabungwe osiyanasiyana amasewera a anthu olumala adakhazikitsidwa m'dziko lonselo.
3. Kupita patsogolo kwa mbiriyakale kwachitika mu parasports mu nyengo yatsopano.Kuyambira pa 18th CPC National Congress mu 2012, socialism yokhala ndi mikhalidwe yaku China yalowa m'nthawi yatsopano. Dziko la China lamanga anthu otukuka bwino m'mbali zonse monga momwe adakonzera, ndipo dziko la China lakwanitsa kusintha kwakukulu - kuchoka pa kuyima mowongoka mpaka kukhala olemera ndikukula mu mphamvu.
Xi Jinping, mlembi wamkulu wa CPC Central Committee komanso Purezidenti wa China, ali ndi nkhawa makamaka kwa anthu olumala. Iye akugogomezera kuti anthu olumala ndi anthu ofanana pagulu, ndi mphamvu yofunikira pa chitukuko cha anthu ndi kulimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha China. Ananenanso kuti olumala alinso ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wopindulitsa ngati anthu athanzi. Analangizanso kuti palibe anthu olumala omwe ayenera kutsalira pamene kulemera kwapakati m'mbali zonse kuyenera kuchitika ku China mu 2020. Xi watsimikiza kuti dziko la China lipanga mapulogalamu ena a anthu olumala, kulimbikitsa chitukuko chawo chonse ndi kugawana nawo bwino. ndi kuyesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti anthu olumala ali ndi mwayi wopeza chithandizo chamankhwala. Iye adalonjeza kuti dziko la China lipereka masewera abwino kwambiri komanso odabwitsa a Winter Olympics ndi Paralympics ku Beijing 2022. Iye adatsindikanso kuti dzikolo liyenera kukhala loganizira popereka ntchito zabwino, zogwira mtima, zowunikira komanso zachangu kwa othamanga, makamaka, pokwaniritsa zosowa zapadera. ya othamanga olumala pomanga malo ofikirako. Malingaliro ofunikirawa adaloza komwe kumayambitsa anthu olumala ku China.
Motsogozedwa ndi Komiti Yaikulu ya CPC yokhala ndi Xi Jinping pachimake, China imaphatikiza mapulogalamu a anthu olumala m'mapulani ake onse okhudza chitukuko cha zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso mapulani ake okhudza ufulu wachibadwidwe. Zotsatira zake, ufulu ndi zofuna za anthu olumala zatetezedwa bwino, ndipo zolinga za kufanana, kutenga nawo mbali ndi kugawana zayandikira. Anthu olumala ali ndi malingaliro okhutitsidwa, chisangalalo ndi chitetezo, ndipo ma parasports ali ndi chiyembekezo chowoneka bwino cha chitukuko.
Parasports adaphatikizidwa munjira zaku China za Fitness-for-All, Healthy China Initiative, ndi Kumanga China Kukhala Dziko Lolimba Pamasewera. TheLamulo la People's Republic of China Pakuwonetsetsa Ntchito Zachikhalidwe Cha Anthu Ndi Malamulo Omanga Malo Ofikirakoperekani kuti patsogolo pakhale patsogolo pakupititsa patsogolo kupezeka kwa malo ogwirira ntchito za boma kuphatikiza masewera. China yamanga bwalo la National Ice Sports Arena la Anthu Ovutika. Anthu olumala ochulukirachulukira akugwira ntchito zowongolera ndi kulimbitsa thupi, kuchita nawo masewera a parasport m'madera ndi nyumba zawo, ndikuchita nawo masewera akunja. Pulojekiti Yothandizira Olemala pansi pa National Fitness Programme yakhazikitsidwa, ndipo aphunzitsi a masewera a anthu olumala aphunzitsidwa. Anthu olumala kwambiri ali ndi mwayi wothandizidwa ndi kukonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi m'nyumba zawo.
Kuyesayesa kulikonse kwapangidwa kukonzekera Masewera a Zima a Beijing 2022 Paralympic, ndipo othamanga aku China atenga nawo gawo pazochitika zonse. M'masewera a Winter a Pyeongchang Paralympic Winter a 2018, othamanga aku China adapambana golide mu Wheelchair Curling, mendulo yoyamba yaku China mu Winter Paralympics. M'maseŵera a Chilimwe a Tokyo 2020 Paralympic, othamanga aku China adapeza zotsatira zodabwitsa, kukhala pamwamba pa mendulo yagolide ndi mendulo kachisanu motsatana. Othamanga aku China akwera mtunda watsopano mu Deaflympics ndi Masewera apadera a Olimpiki Padziko Lonse.
Ma Parasports apita patsogolo kwambiri ku China, ndikuwonetsa mphamvu zamabungwe aku China polimbikitsa mapulogalamu a anthu olumala, ndikuwonetsa zomwe zakwaniritsa polemekeza ndi kuteteza ufulu ndi zokonda za anthu olumala. M'dziko lonselo, kumvetsetsa, ulemu, chisamaliro ndi chithandizo kwa olumala zikukulirakulira. Anthu olumala ochulukirachulukira akukwaniritsa maloto awo ndikupeza kusintha kodabwitsa m'miyoyo yawo kudzera mumasewera. Kulimba mtima, kusasunthika ndi kulimba mtima komwe anthu olumala amawonetsa pokankhira malire ndikupita patsogolo kwalimbikitsa dziko lonse lapansi ndikulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwa chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe.
II. Zochita Zolimbitsa Thupi za Anthu olumala zakula bwino
China ikuwona kukonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi kwa anthu olumala ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu pakukwaniritsa njira zadziko za Fitness-for-All, Healthy China Initiative, ndi Kumanga China Kukhala Dziko Lolimba Pamasewera. Pochita masewera a parasport m'dziko lonselo, kupititsa patsogolo zomwe zikuchitika, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zamasewera, komanso kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wasayansi ndi maphunziro, dziko la China lalimbikitsa olumala kuti azichita nawo gawo lothandizira pakukonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi.
1. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi za anthu olumala zikuyenda bwino.Pagulu, ntchito zosiyanasiyana zakukonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi kwa anthu olumala zakonzedwa, zosinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'matauni ndi kumidzi ku China. Pofuna kulimbikitsa anthu olumala kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zamasewera olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera ampikisano, dziko la China lawonjezera ntchito zowongolera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'madera mwa kugula zinthu ndi boma. Chiwopsezo cha anthu olumala ku China chakwera kuchokera pa 6.8 peresenti mu 2015 kufika pa 23.9 peresenti mu 2021.
Masukulu m'magulu onse ndi amitundu yonse akonza zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zakonzedwa mwapadera kwa ophunzira awo olumala, ndipo alimbikitsa kuvina kwa mzere, cheerleading, dryland curling, ndi masewera ena amagulu. Ophunzira aku koleji ndi omwe ali m'masukulu apulaimale ndi a sekondale alimbikitsidwa kutenga nawo mbali m'mapulojekiti monga Special Olympics University Programme ndi Special Olympics Unified Sports. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala adasonkhanitsidwa kuti achite nawo zinthu monga kukonzanso masewera, gulu la para-athletics, ndi pulogalamu ya Special Olympics Healthy Athletes, ndipo aphunzitsi akuthupi alimbikitsidwa kutenga nawo mbali pa ntchito zaukatswiri monga kulimbitsa thupi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa olumala, ndi kupereka ntchito zodzifunira kwa ma parasports.
Masewera a Dziko la China a Anthu olumala aphatikiza zochitika zotsitsimula komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Masewera a Mpira Wadziko Lonse a Anthu Olemala achitika ndi magulu angapo a anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losawona kapena kumva kapena olumala. Magulu omwe akutenga nawo gawo mumpikisano wa National Line Dancing Open Tournament for Persons Disabilities tsopano akuchokera ku zigawo pafupifupi 20 ndi mayunitsi ofanana nawo oyang'anira. Masukulu ochuluka a maphunziro apadera apanga mzere wovina kukhala maseŵera olimbitsa thupi panthaŵi yopuma yawo yaikulu.
2. Zochitika za Parasports zikuchitika mdziko lonse.Anthu olumala amatenga nawo mbali pazochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, monga Tsiku la National Special Olympics, Sabata Lolimbitsa Thupi la Anthu Olemala, ndi Nyengo ya Masewera a Zima kwa Anthu Olemala. Kuyambira 2007, dziko la China lakhala likukonza zochitika zolengeza Tsiku la National Special Olympics, lomwe limachitika pa Julayi 20 chaka chilichonse. Kutenga nawo mbali m’Mipikisano Yapadera ya Olimpiki kwathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi luntha lanzeru, kukulitsa ulemu wawo, ndi kuwabweretsa m’deralo. Kuyambira 2011, kuzungulira National Fitness Day chaka chilichonse, China yakhala ikukonzekera zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi kuti ziwonetse Sabata Lolimbitsa Thupi la Anthu Olemala, pomwe zochitika monga chikuku cha olumala Tai Chi, mpira wa Tai Chi, ndi masewera a mpira wakhungu achitika.
Kupyolera mu kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika za kukonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi ndi zochitika, anthu olumala adziwa bwino ma parasports, ayamba kuchita nawo masewera, ndipo adaphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zokonzanso ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Iwo akhala ndi mwayi wosonyeza ndi kusinthanitsa luso lokonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi. Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kukhala ndi maganizo abwino kwalimbikitsa chilakolako chawo cha moyo, ndipo akhala ndi chidaliro chophatikizana ndi anthu. Zochitika monga Wheelchair Marathon for Disabled, Chess Challenge pakati pa Osewera Akhungu, ndi National Tai Chi Ball Championships for Persons with Hearing Impairments zasintha kukhala zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi za parasports.
3. Masewera a dzinja a anthu olumala akuchulukirachulukira.Chaka chilichonse kuyambira 2016 China yakhala ndi Nyengo Yachisanu ya Masewera a Anthu Olemala, kuwapatsa nsanja yoti achite nawo masewera a nthawi yozizira, ndikukwaniritsa kudzipereka kwa Beijing 2022 kophatikiza anthu 300 miliyoni pamasewera achisanu. Kuchuluka kwa kutenga nawo gawo kwakula kuchokera ku mayunitsi 14 achigawo mu Nyengo ya Masewera a Zima kupita ku zigawo 31 ndi mayunitsi oyendetsa ofanana. Zochita zosiyanasiyana zama parasports m'nyengo yozizira zomwe zimagwirizana ndi momwe zinthu zilili m'deralo zakhala zikuchitika, zomwe zimalola ophunzira kuti aziwona zochitika za Paralympic Winter Games, ndi kutenga nawo mbali pamasewera ambiri achisanu, kukonzanso nyengo yozizira ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso zikondwerero za ayezi ndi chipale chofewa. Masewera osiyanasiyana m'nyengo yozizira omwe anthu ambiri amatenga nawo mbali apangidwa ndikulimbikitsidwa, monga kutsetsereka pang'onopang'ono, kutsetsereka kwapansi panthaka, kupiringa kouma, ice Cuju (masewera achi China opikisana nawo mpira pa ayezi), skating, sledding, sleighing, ayezi. njinga, mpira wa chipale chofewa, kukwera bwato pamadzi oundana, kukopa chipale chofewa, ndi usodzi wa ayezi. Masewero atsopanowa ndi osangalatsa awa adziwika kwambiri pakati pa olumala. Kuonjezera apo, kupezeka kwa masewera a nyengo yozizira ndi ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kwa anthu olumala pamagulu ammudzi, ndi chithandizo chaumisiri, zakhala zikuyenda bwino ndi kulengeza kwa zipangizo monga.Buku Lolangiza pa Masewera a Zima ndi Mapulogalamu Olimbitsa Thupi a Anthu olumala.
4. Chithandizo cha anthu olumala chikupitirizabe kuyenda bwino.China yakhazikitsa njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito anthu olumala pothandiza anthu olumala komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kulimbikitsa magulu othandizira anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Izi zikuphatikizapo: kukhazikitsa Pulojekiti Yodzikongoletsa Yolimbitsa Thupi ndi Pulojekiti Yokonzanso Masewera, kukonza ndi kulimbikitsa mapulogalamu, njira ndi zipangizo zothandizira anthu olumala, kupititsa patsogolo masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mankhwala a anthu olumala, ndi kulimbikitsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi m'madera. kwa iwo ndi chithandizo chotengera kulera khomo ndi khomo kwa anthu olumala kwambiri.
Miyezo ya National Basic Public Service for Mass Sports (2021 Edition)ndi malamulo ndi malamulo ena adziko amanena kuti malo oyenerera anthu olumala akuyenera kukonzedwa, ndipo amafuna kuti azikhala ndi mwayi wopita ku malo aboma kwaulere kapena pamtengo wotsika. Pofika mchaka cha 2020, malo okwana 10,675 amasewera opumira olumala adamangidwa mdziko lonse lapansi, ophunzitsa okwana 125,000 adaphunzitsidwa, ndipo mabanja 434,000 omwe ali ndi olumala kwambiri adapatsidwa chithandizo chamankhwala okhazikika komanso olimba. Pakadali pano, China yatsogolera ntchito yomanga malo ochitira masewera m'nyengo yozizira kwa anthu olumala ndi cholinga chothandizira madera osatukuka, matauni ndi madera akumidzi.
5. Kupita patsogolo kwachitika mu maphunziro a parasports ndi kafukufuku.China yaphatikiza ma parasports m'maphunziro apadera, maphunziro a aphunzitsi, ndi maphunziro akuthupi, ndipo yathandizira chitukuko cha mabungwe ofufuza za parasports. China Administration of Sports for Persons Disability Committee, Sports Development Committee ya China Disability Research Society, pamodzi ndi mabungwe ofufuza za parasports m'makoleji ambiri ndi mayunivesite, amapanga mphamvu yayikulu pamaphunziro ndi kafukufuku wa parasports. Dongosolo lokulitsa luso la parasports layamba. Maunivesite ena ndi makoleji atsegula maphunziro osankha pa parasports. Akatswiri angapo a parasport alimidwa. Kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika pa kafukufuku wa ma parasport. Pofika mchaka cha 2021, ma projekiti opitilira 20 a parasports anali kuthandizidwa ndi National Social Science Fund yaku China.
III. Zochita mu Parasports Zikuyenda Bwino Kwambiri
Anthu olumala akuyamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Othamanga ochulukirachulukira omwe ali olumala achita nawo masewera amasewera kunyumba ndi kunja. Amayesetsa kuthana ndi mavuto, kufunafuna kudzitukumula, kusonyeza mzimu wosagonja, ndi kumenyera moyo wabwino ndi wopambana.
1. Othamanga a parasports aku China achita bwino kwambiri pamasewera akuluakulu apadziko lonse lapansi.Kuyambira 1987, othamanga achi China omwe ali ndi luntha lanzeru adachita nawo Masewera asanu ndi anayi apadera a Olimpiki Padziko Lonse Lachilimwe ndi Masewera asanu ndi awiri apadera a Olimpiki Padziko Lonse. Mu 1989, ochita masewera ogontha a ku China adawonekera koyamba pa Masewera a 16th World for the Deaf ku Christchurch ku New Zealand. Mu 2007, nthumwi za ku China zidalandira mendulo yamkuwa pa mpikisano wa 16 wa Winter Deaflympics ku Salt Lake City ku United States - mendulo yoyamba yomwe othamanga aku China adapambana pamwambowu. Pambuyo pake, othamanga achi China adachita bwino kwambiri pamasewera angapo a Masewera Osamva a Chilimwe ndi Zima. Iwo adatenga nawo mbali muzochitika zamasewera za ku Asia kwa olumala ndipo adalandira ulemu wambiri. Mu 1984, othamanga 24 ochokera ku China Paralympic nthumwi adachita nawo mpikisano wa Athletics, Swimming ndi Table Tennis pa Seventh Summer Paralympics ku New York, ndipo adabweretsa kunyumba ndi mendulo 24, kuphatikizapo golide ziwiri, zomwe zinapangitsa chidwi cha masewera pakati pa olumala ku China. Pampikisano wotsatira wa Summer Paralympics, magwiridwe antchito a Team China adawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu. Mu 2004, pa 12th Summer Paralympics ku Athens, nthumwi za ku China zidapambana mamendulo 141, kuphatikiza golide 63, zomwe zidapambana ma mendulo ndi golide. Mu 2021, pa mpikisano wa 16th Summer Paralympics ku Tokyo, Team China idatenga mendulo 207, kuphatikiza golide 96, zomwe zidakwera pamwamba pa mendulo yagolide komanso mamendulo onse kachisanu motsatizana. Munthawi ya 13th Year Plan Plan (2016-2020), China idatumiza nthumwi za othamanga olumala kuti achite nawo masewera 160 apadziko lonse lapansi, kubweretsa kunyumba zokwana mendulo zagolide 1,114.
2. Chikoka cha zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi chikukulirakulirabe.Popeza kuti China idakonza Masewera ake oyambirira a National Games for Persons Disabilities (NGPD) mu 1984, zochitika zoterezi za 11 zakhala zikuchitika, ndi chiwerengero cha masewera chikuwonjezeka kuchokera ku atatu (Athletics, Swimming and Table Tennis) mpaka 34. Kuyambira masewera achitatu mu 1992, NGPD yalembedwa ngati masewera akuluakulu omwe amavomerezedwa ndi State Council ndipo amachitika kamodzi pazaka zinayi zilizonse. Izi zikutsimikizira kukhazikitsidwa ndi kukhazikika kwa ma parasports ku China. Mu 2019, Tianjin adachita nawo NGPD ya 10 (pamodzi ndi Masewera a Seventh National Special Olympic Games) ndi Masewera a Dziko la China. Izi zidapangitsa mzindawu kukhala woyamba kulandira NGPD komanso Masewera a Dziko la China. Mu 2021, Shaanxi adachita nawo 11th NGPD (pamodzi ndi Eighth National Special Olympic Games) ndi National Games of China. Aka kanali koyamba kuti bungwe la NGPD lichitike mumzinda womwewo komanso m'chaka chomwecho monga Masewera a Dziko la China. Izi zinalola kukonzekera ndi kukhazikitsa kogwirizanitsa ndipo masewera onsewa anali opambana mofanana. Kuphatikiza pa NGPD, China imapanganso zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi m'magulu monga othamanga akhungu, othamanga ogontha, ndi othamanga omwe ali ndi vuto la miyendo, ndicholinga chofuna kuphatikizira anthu ambiri olumala m'masewera. Kupyolera mu zochitika zamasewera m'dziko la anthu olumala nthawi zonse, dziko lino laphunzitsa othamanga angapo olumala komanso kupititsa patsogolo luso lawo lamasewera.
3. Othamanga a ku China amasonyeza mphamvu zowonjezera m'nyengo yozizira ya Paralympic.Kuchita bwino kwa China pa Masewera a Zima 2022 Paralympic kwatulutsa mwayi waukulu wopititsa patsogolo masewera ake a Winter Paralympic. Dzikoli likuwona kufunika kokonzekera masewera a olimpiki a Zima. Idapanga ndikukhazikitsa mapulani angapo, kupitilira ndikukonzekera zochitika zamasewera, ndikugwirizanitsa kupanga malo ophunzitsira, zida zothandizira, ndi ntchito zofufuza. Yakonza mabwalo ophunzitsiramo kuti asankhe othamanga odziwika bwino, kulimbikitsa maphunziro a akatswiri aukadaulo, kulemba ganyu makochi aluso ochokera m'mayiko ndi kunja, kukhazikitsa magulu ophunzitsira adziko lonse, ndi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa mayiko. Masewera onse asanu ndi limodzi a Zima Paralympic - Alpine Skiing, Biathlon, Cross-Country Skiing, Snowboard, Ice Hockey, ndi Wheelchair Curling - aphatikizidwa mu NGPD, yomwe idapititsa patsogolo masewera achisanu m'zigawo za 29 ndi magawo olamulira ofanana.
Kuchokera mu 2015 mpaka 2021, chiwerengero cha masewera a Winter Paralympic ku China chinawonjezeka kuchoka pa 2 mpaka 6, kotero kuti masewera onse a Winter Paralympic akuphimbidwa. Chiwerengero cha othamanga chinawonjezeka kuchoka pa 50 kufika pafupifupi 1,000, ndi akuluakulu a zaumisiri kuchokera ku 0 kufika ku 100. Kuyambira 2018, mpikisano wapachaka wapadziko lonse wa zochitika zamasewera ku Winter Paralympics zakhala zikuchitika, ndipo masewerawa adaphatikizidwa mu 2019. ndi 2021 NGPD. Othamanga a Parasports aku China adatenga nawo gawo pa Masewera a Zima Paralympic kuyambira 2016, ndipo adapambana 47 golide, 54 siliva, ndi 52 mkuwa. M'masewera a Winter a Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter, othamanga 96 ochokera ku China atenga nawo mbali pamasewera onse 6 ndi zochitika 73. Poyerekeza ndi Masewera a Zima a Sochi 2014 Paralympic, chiwerengero cha othamanga chidzawonjezeka ndi oposa 80, chiwerengero cha masewera ndi 4, ndi chiwerengero cha zochitika ndi 67.
4. Njira zophunzitsira othamanga ndi chithandizo zikuyenda bwino.Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti mpikisano wachilungamo, othamanga a parasports amasankhidwa mwachipatala komanso mogwira ntchito molingana ndi magulu awo komanso masewera omwe ali oyenera kwa iwo. Njira yophunzitsira yanthawi yayitali ya othamanga a parasports yakhazikitsidwa ndikuwongoleredwa, momwe gawo lachigawo lili ndi udindo wozindikiritsa ndikusankha, maphunziro amtawuni ndi chitukuko, gawo lachigawo lamaphunziro ozama komanso kutenga nawo gawo pamasewera, komanso gawo ladziko lonse. za maphunziro a talente yofunikira. Mpikisano wosankha achinyamata ndi makampu ophunzitsira akonzedwa kuti aphunzitse talente yosungira.
Kuyesetsa kwakukulu kwapangidwa kuti apange gulu la makochi a parasports, osewera, ophatikiza magulu ndi akatswiri ena. Maziko ophunzirira ma parasports ochulukirapo amangidwa, ndipo maziko ophunzitsira 45 adziko lonse asankhidwa kukhala ma parasports, kupereka chithandizo ndi ntchito za kafukufuku, maphunziro ndi mpikisano. Maboma m'magulu onse achitapo kanthu kuti athetse mavuto a maphunziro, ntchito ndi chitetezo cha anthu kwa othamanga a parasports, ndikugwira ntchito zoyesa zolembera othamanga apamwamba m'masukulu apamwamba popanda mayeso.Njira Zoyendetsera Zochitika ndi Zochita za Parasportszaperekedwa kuti zilimbikitse chitukuko mwadongosolo komanso muyezo wamasewera a parasports. Makhalidwe a Parasports alimbikitsidwa. Doping ndi zophwanya zina ndizoletsedwa kuti zitsimikizire chilungamo ndi chilungamo mu parasports.
IV. Kuthandizira ku International Parasports
China yotseguka ikugwira ntchito zake zapadziko lonse lapansi. Yachita bwino kuchititsa Beijing 2008 Summer Paralympics, Shanghai 2007 Special Olympics World Summer Games, Sixth Far East and South Pacific Games for Disabled, ndi Guangzhou 2010 Asian Para Games, ndipo anakonzekera kwathunthu za Beijing 2022 Paralympic Zima. Masewera ndi Masewera a Hangzhou 2022 Asian Para. Izi zalimbikitsa kwambiri ntchito ya olumala ku China ndipo zathandizira kwambiri ma parasports apadziko lonse lapansi. China ikuchita nawo zochitika zamasewera padziko lonse lapansi kwa olumala ndipo ikupitiliza kulimbikitsa kusinthanitsa ndi mgwirizano ndi mayiko ena komanso mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi a anthu olumala, kumanga ubale pakati pa anthu amitundu yonse, kuphatikiza omwe ali olumala.
1. Zochitika zamasewera ambiri zaku Asia za olumala zakonzedwa bwino.Mu 1994, Beijing idachita Masewera achisanu ndi chimodzi Kum'mawa ndi Kum'mwera kwa Pacific kwa olumala, momwe othamanga okwana 1,927 ochokera kumayiko ndi zigawo 42 adatenga nawo gawo, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ikhale chochitika chachikulu kwambiri m'mbiri yamasewerawa panthawiyo. Aka kanali koyamba kuti dziko la China lichite nawo msonkhano wapadziko lonse wa anthu olumala. Idawonetsa zomwe China idachita pakukonzanso ndi kutsegulira ndi kupititsa patsogolo zinthu zamakono, idapatsa anthu ena kumvetsetsa mozama za ntchito yake kwa olumala, idalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mapulogalamu a anthu olumala ku China, ndikukweza mbiri yazaka khumi za olumala ku Asia ndi Pacific. Anthu.
Mu 2010, Masewera Oyamba a Asia Para Games adachitikira ku Guangzhou, omwe adakhalapo ndi othamanga ochokera kumayiko 41 ndi zigawo. Ichi chinali chochitika choyamba chamasewera chomwe chinachitika pambuyo pokonzanso mabungwe a parasports aku Asia. Inalinso nthawi yoyamba kuti Masewera a Asia Para adachitikira mumzinda womwewo komanso chaka chomwecho monga Masewera a Asia, kulimbikitsa malo opanda malire ku Guangzhou. Maseŵera a Asian Para Games anathandiza kusonyeza luso la masewera a olumala, adapanga mpweya wabwino wothandizira anthu olumala kuti agwirizane bwino ndi anthu, anathandiza anthu olumala ambiri kugawana nawo zipatso zachitukuko, komanso kupititsa patsogolo ma parasports ku Asia.
Mu 2022, Masewera a Fourth Asian Para adzachitikira ku Hangzhou. Pafupifupi othamanga 3,800 a parasports ochokera kumayiko ndi zigawo zopitilira 40 adzapikisana muzochitika 604 pamasewera 22. Masewerawa adzalimbikitsa kwambiri ubwenzi ndi mgwirizano ku Asia.
2. Masewera a Olimpiki Apadera a Shanghai 2007 Padziko Lonse a Chilimwe anali opambana kwambiri.Mu 2007, Masewera a 12 a Special Olympics World Summer Games adachitikira ku Shanghai, kukopa othamanga ndi makochi opitilira 10,000 ochokera m'maiko ndi zigawo 164 kuti apikisane nawo masewera 25. Aka kanali koyamba kuti dziko losauka lichite maseŵera a Olimpiki Apadera Padziko Lonse pa Chilimwe ndipo kanali koyamba kuti masewerawa achitike ku Asia. Zinalimbikitsa chidaliro cha anthu olumala pakuyesetsa kuti agwirizane ndi anthu, komanso kulimbikitsa ma Olympic apadera ku China.
Kuzindikiritsa Masewera Apadera a Olimpiki Padziko Lonse Lachilimwe la Shanghai, Julayi 20, tsiku lotsegulira mwambowu, adasankhidwa kukhala Tsiku Lapadera la Olimpiki Lapadera. Bungwe lodzipereka lotchedwa "Sunlight Home" linakhazikitsidwa ku Shanghai kuti lithandize anthu olumala kuti alandire maphunziro obwezeretsa, maphunziro, chisamaliro cha masana, ndi kukonzanso ntchito. Malingana ndi zochitikazi, pulogalamu ya "Sunshine Home" inakhazikitsidwa m'dziko lonse kuti zithandize malo osamalira anthu ndi mabanja popereka chithandizo ndi chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi luntha laluntha kapena maganizo komanso olumala kwambiri.
3. Masewera a Beijing 2008 Paralympic adaperekedwa pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.Mu 2008, Beijing idachita Masewera a 13 a Paralympic, kukopa othamanga 4,032 ochokera kumayiko 147 ndi zigawo kuti apikisane nawo muzochitika 472 pamasewera 20. Chiwerengero cha ochita nawo masewera, mayiko ndi zigawo komanso chiwerengero cha zochitika za mpikisano zonse zinagunda kwambiri m'mbiri ya Masewera a Paralympic. Masewera a Paralympic a 2008 adapangitsa Beijing kukhala mzinda woyamba padziko lonse lapansi kuyitanitsa ndikuchita nawo Masewera a Olimpiki ndi Masewera a Paralympic nthawi yomweyo; Beijing idakwaniritsa lonjezo lake lopanga "masewera awiri aulemerero wofanana", ndipo idapereka ma Paralympics apadera pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Mawu ake akuti "kupambana, kuphatikiza ndi kugawana" adawonetsa zomwe China idathandizira pazikhalidwe za gulu lapadziko lonse la Paralympic Movement. Masewerawa asiya chuma chambiri m'mabwalo amasewera, mayendedwe akumatauni, malo ofikirako, ndi ntchito zongodzipereka, zomwe zikuyimira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pantchito yaku China yochitira anthu olumala.
Beijing idamanga gulu la malo ogwirira ntchito omwe amatchedwa "Sweet Home" kuti athandize olumala ndi mabanja awo kusangalala ndi mwayi wokonzanso ntchito, maphunziro, kusamalira masana, zosangalatsa ndi masewera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kuyanjana ndi anthu mofanana. maziko.
Kumvetsetsa kwa anthu pazakupereka kwa anthu olumala ndi masewera awo kwawonjezeka. Mfundo za “kufanana, kutenga nawo mbali ndi kugawana” zikuzika mizu, pamene kumvetsetsa, kulemekeza, kuthandiza, ndi kusamalira olumala zikukhala chikhalidwe cha anthu. China yakwaniritsa lonjezo lake kwa anthu apadziko lonse lapansi. Yakhala ikupititsa patsogolo mzimu wa mgwirizano, ubwenzi ndi mtendere wa Olimpiki, ikulimbikitsa kumvetsetsana ndi ubwenzi pakati pa anthu a mayiko onse, yapangitsa kuti mawu akuti "Dziko Limodzi, Maloto Amodzi" amveke padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo adayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi mayiko.
4. China ikuchita zonse kukonzekera Masewera a Zima a Beijing 2022 Paralympic.Mu 2015, pamodzi ndi Zhangjiakou, Beijing adapambana mwayi wochita Masewera a Olimpiki a 2022 ndi Paralympic Winter. Izi zidapangitsa mzindawu kukhala woyamba kuchita masewera a olimpiki a Chilimwe ndi Zima, ndipo adapanga mwayi waukulu wachitukuko wama parasports achisanu. China idadzipereka kukonza masewera amasewera "obiriwira, ophatikiza, otseguka komanso aukhondo", komanso "owongolera, otetezeka komanso owoneka bwino". Mpaka pano dzikolo layesetsa kuyankhulana mwachangu ndi kugwirizana ndi International Paralympic Committee ndi mabungwe ena amasewera apadziko lonse lapansi pakukhazikitsa ndondomeko zonse zowongolera ndi kupewa Covid-19. Kukonzekera mwatsatanetsatane kwakonzedwa pakukonzekera Masewera ndi mautumiki okhudzana nawo, kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi ndi zamakono komanso zochitika za chikhalidwe pa Masewera.
Mu 2019, Beijing idakhazikitsa pulogalamu yapadera yolimbikitsa malo opanda zotchinga, ikuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito zazikulu 17 zowongolera zovuta m'malo ofunikira monga misewu yakumatauni, zoyendera za anthu onse, malo ochitira ntchito zaboma, komanso kusinthana zidziwitso. Malo okwana 336,000 ndi malo asinthidwa, ndikuzindikira kupezeka kwapakati pa likulu la likulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo ake opanda zotchinga azikhala okhazikika, okhazikika komanso okhazikika. Zhangjiakou adasamaliranso bwino malo opanda zotchinga, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu kopezeka.
China yakhazikitsa ndi kukonza masewera a nyengo yozizira ndi masewera a ayezi ndi matalala monga mzati, kulimbikitsa anthu olumala ambiri kuti azichita nawo masewera achisanu. Beijing Paralympic Winter Games idzachitika kuyambira pa Marichi 4 mpaka 13, 2022. Pofika pa February 20, 2022, othamanga 647 ochokera kumayiko ndi zigawo 48 adalembetsa ndipo akhala akupikisana nawo pamasewerawa. China ndiyokonzeka kulandira othamanga ochokera padziko lonse lapansi ku Masewera.
5. China ikutenga nawo gawo pamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi.Kulumikizana kwakukulu kwapadziko lonse lapansi kulola China kutenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi. Dzikoli lili ndi mphamvu zambiri pazochitika zoyenera, ndipo chikoka chake chikukulirakulira. Kuyambira 1984, dziko la China lalowa nawo mabungwe ambiri amasewera a anthu olumala, kuphatikiza International Paralympic Committee (IPC), International Organisation of Sports for the Disabled (IOSDs), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association. (CPISRA), International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (ICSD), International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS), Special Olympics International (SOI), ndi Far East ndi South Pacific Games Federation for Disabled (FESPIC).
Yakhazikitsa ubale wabwino ndi mabungwe amasewera a olumala m'maiko ndi zigawo zambiri. National Paralympic Committee of China (NPCC), China Sports Association for the Deaf, ndi Special Olympics China akhala mamembala ofunikira m'mabungwe apadziko lonse a masewera a olumala. China yatenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yofunika kwambiri yokhudza zamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi kwa olumala, monga IPC General Assembly, yomwe idzafotokozere zamtsogolo zachitukuko. Akuluakulu aku China a parasports, ma referee, ndi akatswiri asankhidwa kukhala mamembala a Executive board ndi makomiti apadera a FESPIC, ICSD, ndi IBSA. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo luso lamasewera kwa olumala, dziko la China lalimbikitsa ndikusankha akatswiri kuti akhale ngati akuluakulu aukadaulo komanso owayimbira akunja a mabungwe oyenerera amasewera apadziko lonse omwe ali olumala.
6. Kusinthanitsa kwakukulu kwa mayiko pa ma parasports kwachitika.China idatumiza koyamba nthumwi ku Masewera achitatu a FESPIC mu 1982 - nthawi yoyamba kwa othamanga achi China olumala kukapikisana nawo pamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi. China yakhala ikuchita zosinthana zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi pamasewera a parasports, omwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusinthana kwa anthu ndi anthu muubwenzi wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso njira zogwirira ntchito zamayiko osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Belt and Road Initiative ndi Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.
Mu 2017, China inachititsa kuti Belt and Road High-level Event on Disability Cooperation ndipo inapereka njira yolimbikitsira mgwirizano ndi kusinthana kwa anthu olumala pakati pa mayiko a Belt ndi Road ndi zolemba zina, ndikukhazikitsa maukonde kuti agwirizane pa kugawana masewera ndi zothandizira. Izi zikuphatikizanso malo ophunzitsira 45 amtundu wapadziko lonse wa ma parasports achilimwe ndi chisanu omwe amatsegulidwa kwa othamanga ndi makochi ochokera kumayiko a Belt ndi Road. Mu 2019, msonkhano wokhudza ma parasports pansi pa Belt and Road framework udachitika pofuna kulimbikitsa kuphunzirana pakati pa mabungwe osiyanasiyana amasewera a anthu olumala, ndikupereka chitsanzo cha kusinthana ndi mgwirizano pamunda wa parasports. Chaka chomwecho, NPCC inasaina mapangano ogwirizana ndi makomiti a Paralympic a Finland, Russia, Greece ndi mayiko ena. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa ma parasports kwachitika pakati pa China ndi mayiko ena mumzinda ndi madera ena.
V. Zomwe Zapindula mu Parasports Zikuwonetsa Kusintha kwa Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa China
Kupambana kodabwitsa kwa ma parasports ku China kukuwonetsa luso lamasewera ndi luso la olumala, komanso kupita patsogolo kwa China paufulu wa anthu ndi chitukuko cha dziko. China imatsatira njira yoyang'ana anthu yomwe imawona kuti moyo wabwino wa anthu ndi ufulu woyamba waumunthu, imalimbikitsa chitukuko cha anthu onse, ndikuteteza bwino ufulu ndi zofuna za magulu omwe ali pachiopsezo, kuphatikizapo anthu olumala. Kuchita nawo masewera ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri paufulu wokhala ndi moyo ndi chitukuko kwa anthu olumala. Kukula kwa parasports kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko cha China; imayankha bwino zosowa za anthu olumala ndikulimbikitsa thanzi lawo lakuthupi ndi lamalingaliro. Parasports ndi chithunzithunzi cha chitukuko ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ufulu wa anthu ku China. Amalimbikitsa mfundo zomwe anthu onse amayendera, kusinthana patsogolo, kumvetsetsana ndi ubwenzi pakati pa anthu padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo amathandizira nzeru za China kuti apange dongosolo laulamuliro wachilungamo, wachilungamo, wololera komanso wophatikizana pazaufulu wa anthu, komanso kusunga mtendere ndi chitukuko padziko lonse lapansi.
1. China imatsatira njira yongoganizira za anthu ndipo imalimbikitsa thanzi lakuthupi ndi m'maganizo la anthu olumala.China ikutsatira njira yoyang'anira anthu poteteza ufulu wachibadwidwe, ndikuteteza ufulu ndi zokonda za anthu olumala kudzera pachitukuko. Dzikoli laphatikiza mapulogalamu a anthu olumala mu njira zake zachitukuko ndipo lakwaniritsa cholinga chofuna “kumanga anthu otukuka pang’ono m’mbali zonse, osasiya aliyense, kuphatikizapo olumala”. Masewera ndi njira yabwino yolimbikitsira thanzi la anthu komanso kukwaniritsa chikhumbo chawo chokhala ndi moyo wabwino. Kwa iwo olumala, kuchita nawo masewera kungathandize kulimbitsa thupi ndikuchepetsa ndikuchotsa kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito. Zitha kukulitsa luso la munthu lodzithandizira, kuchita zokonda ndi zokonda, kuwonjezera kucheza ndi anthu, kuwongolera moyo wabwino, komanso kukwaniritsa zomwe angathe pamoyo wawo.
China ikuwona kufunika koteteza ufulu waumoyo wa anthu olumala ndikugogomezera kuti "aliyense wolumala ayenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala". Masewera a olumala aphatikizidwa m'ntchito zowongolera. Maboma m'magulu onse afufuza njira zatsopano zothandizira anthu olumala m'munsi, ndikuchita ntchito zambiri zokonzanso ndi kulimbitsa thupi pogwiritsa ntchito masewera. M’masukulu, ophunzira olumala atsimikiziridwa kuti atenga nawo mbali mofanana m’maseŵera pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino m’thupi ndi m’maganizo ndi kulimbikitsa kukula kwawo bwino. Opunduka ali ndi chitsimikizo champhamvu cha ufulu waumoyo kudzera muzochita zolimbitsa thupi.
2. China imalimbikitsa kufanana ndi kuphatikiza kwa anthu olumala malinga ndi momwe dziko likuyendera.China nthawi zonse imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yokhudzana ndi ufulu waumunthu ponseponse pazochitika za dziko, ndipo amakhulupirira mwamphamvu kuti ufulu wokhala ndi moyo ndi chitukuko ndi ufulu woyamba komanso wofunikira. Kupititsa patsogolo umoyo wa anthu, kuwonetsetsa kuti iwo ndi ambuye a dziko, ndi kulimbikitsa chitukuko chawo chonse ndi zolinga zazikulu, ndipo China ikugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti ikhale yogwirizana komanso chilungamo.
Malamulo ndi malamulo aku China amanena kuti anthu olumala ali ndi ufulu wotenga nawo mbali pa chikhalidwe ndi masewera. Zotsatira zake, olumala amakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu chaufulu ndipo amathandizidwa mwapadera. China yamanga ndi kukonza malo ochitira masewera a anthu onse, kupereka ntchito zofananira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu olumala azichitira masewera onse ofanana. Yakhazikitsanso njira zina zolimba kuti pakhale malo opezeka pamasewera - kukonzanso malo ochitira masewera ndi zida kuti athe kupezeka kwa olumala, kukweza ndi kutsegula mabwalo amasewera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa anthu olumala onse, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino malowa. , ndikuchotsa zopinga zakunja zomwe zimawalepheretsa kutenga nawo mbali mokwanira pamasewera.
Zochitika zamasewera monga Beijing Paralympic Games zapangitsa kuti anthu olumala atenge nawo mbali pazochitika zamagulu, osati masewera okha, komanso zachuma, chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe, komanso chitukuko cha mizinda ndi madera. Malo akuluakulu a parasports ku China akupitilizabe kuthandiza olumala zochitikazo zikatha, kukhala chitsanzo cha chitukuko chopanda zotchinga m'matauni.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa anthu olumala kutenga nawo mbali pazamasewera ndi luso la anthu ammudzi, akuluakulu aboma akonzanso malo ochitira masewera am'deralo, kukulitsa ndi kuthandizira mabungwe awo amasewera ndi zaluso, kugula zithandizo zosiyanasiyana zachitukuko, ndikuchita nawo masewera okhudza olumala ndi omwe ali mgululi. thanzi labwino. Mabungwe ndi mabungwe oyenerera apanga ndi kufalitsa zida zazing'ono zowongolera ndi zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi momwe zinthu zilili mdera lanu komanso zopangira anthu olumala. Apanganso ndikupereka mapulogalamu ndi njira zodziwika bwino.
Opunduka akhoza kutenga nawo mbali mokwanira m'masewera kuti afufuze malire a zomwe angathe ndikudutsa malire. Kupyolera mu umodzi ndi kugwira ntchito molimbika, iwo angasangalale mofanana ndi kutenga nawo mbali ndi moyo wachipambano. Parasports imalimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina monga mgwirizano, kuphatikizidwa, kukonda moyo, ndi kuthandiza ofooka, ndikulimbikitsa anthu ambiri olumala kuti akhale ndi chidwi ndi ma parasport ndikuyamba kutenga nawo mbali. Kusonyeza kudzidalira, chidaliro, kudziyimira pawokha, ndi mphamvu, amapititsa patsogolo mzimu wamasewera aku China. Kuwonetsa mphamvu zawo ndi khalidwe lawo kudzera mu masewera, amateteza bwino ufulu wawo wofanana ndi kutenga nawo mbali pagulu.
3. Dziko la China limaona kufunika kofanana kwa ufulu wa anthu onse kuti akwaniritse chitukuko cha anthu olumala.Parasports ndi galasi lowonetsera moyo ndi ufulu wa anthu olumala. China imatsimikizira ufulu wawo wachuma, ndale, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe, ndikuyika maziko olimba kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali pamasewera, kukhala otanganidwa m'madera ena, ndikupeza chitukuko chonse. Pomanga demokalase ya anthu, dziko la China lapempha malingaliro kuchokera kwa olumala, oimira awo, ndi mabungwe awo, kuti machitidwe a masewera a dziko akhale ofanana komanso ophatikizana.
Ntchito zambiri za anthu olumala zalimbikitsidwa ndi kukonzedwa: chitetezo cha anthu, chithandizo chaumphawi, maphunziro, ufulu wogwira ntchito, ntchito zalamulo za boma, kuteteza ufulu wawo waumwini ndi katundu, ndi kuyesetsa kuthetsa tsankho. Ochita masewera odziwika bwino pamasewera a parasport amayamikiridwa nthawi zonse, monganso anthu ndi mabungwe omwe amathandizira pakupanga ma parasports.
Kutsatsa kolimbikitsa ma parasport kwakulitsidwa, kufalitsa malingaliro ndi machitidwe atsopano kudzera munjira zosiyanasiyana, ndikupanga malo abwino ochezera. Anthu ambiri amvetsetsa mozama mfundo za Paralympic za "kulimba mtima, kutsimikiza, kudzoza ndi kufanana". Iwo amavomereza malingaliro a kufanana, kuphatikiza, ndi kuchotsa zotchinga, amakhala ndi chidwi chokulirapo pazokhudza anthu olumala, ndipo amapereka chithandizo.
Pali anthu ambiri otenga nawo mbali pazochitika monga Sabata Lolimbitsa Thupi la Anthu Olemala, Sabata la Chikhalidwe la Anthu Olemala, Tsiku Lapadera Lapadera la Olympic, ndi Nyengo ya Masewera a Zima kwa Anthu Olemala. Ntchito monga kuthandizira, ntchito zodzipereka ndi magulu okondwerera zimathandizira ndikulimbikitsa anthu olumala kutenga nawo mbali pamasewera ndikugawana nawo phindu lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa anthu.
Ma Parasports athandiza kukhazikitsa malo olimbikitsa anthu onse kuti azilemekeza komanso kutsimikizira ulemu ndi ufulu wofanana wa anthu olumala. Pochita zimenezi athandiza kwambiri kuti anthu apite patsogolo.
4. China imalimbikitsa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse ndi kusinthanitsa mu parasports.China imalimbikitsa kuphunzira komanso kusinthana pakati pa zitukuko, ndipo imawona ma parasports ngati gawo lalikulu lakusinthana kwa mayiko pakati pa olumala. Monga gawo lalikulu pamasewera, dziko la China likukulirakulira pazamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi, kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu chitukuko cha ma parasports mderali komanso padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma parasports ku China ndi chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwa dzikoloPangano la Ufulu wa Anthu olumala, ndi UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Dziko la China limalemekeza kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe, masewera ndi chikhalidwe cha mayiko ena, ndipo limalimbikitsa kufanana ndi chilungamo pazochitika zamasewera ndi malamulo a mayiko ena. Yapereka zopereka zopanda malire ku Development Fund for International Paralympic Committee, ndipo yamanga maziko amasewera ndi njira yogawana zinthu, ndikutsegula malo ake ophunzitsira ma parasports kwa othamanga olumala ndi makochi ochokera kumayiko ena.
Dziko la China limalimbikitsa anthu olumala kuti azichita nawo masewera ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuti awonjezere kusinthana pakati pa anthu, kukulitsa kumvetsetsana ndi kulumikizana, kubweretsa anthu ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, kukhala ndi ulamuliro wachilungamo, wanzeru komanso wokhudza ufulu wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. kulimbikitsa mtendere ndi chitukuko cha dziko.
China imalimbikitsa umunthu ndi mayiko, ikugogomezera kuti onse olumala ndi mamembala ofanana a banja laumunthu, ndipo amalimbikitsa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa parasports ndi kusinthana. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale kuphunzirana mwa kusinthana pakati pa zitukuko, ndikumanga gulu lapadziko lonse la tsogolo logawana.
Mapeto
Chisamaliro chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa olumala ndi chizindikiro cha kupita patsogolo kwa anthu. Kupanga ma parasports kumagwira ntchito yofunikira polimbikitsa anthu olumala kuti adzipangire ulemu, kudzidalira, kudziyimira pawokha, ndi mphamvu, ndikutsata kudzitukumula. Zimapititsa patsogolo mzimu wodzikonzanso mosalekeza ndikupanga chikhalidwe chomwe chimalimbikitsa anthu onse kuti amvetsetse, kulemekeza, kusamalira ndi kuthandizira anthu olumala ndi zomwe akuchita. Imalimbikitsa anthu kuti azigwira ntchito limodzi kuti alimbikitse chitukuko chozungulira komanso kutukuka kwa anthu olumala.
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa PRC, makamaka kutsatira 18th CPC National Congress, China yapita patsogolo modabwitsa mu parasports. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kupita patsogolo kumakhalabe kosakwanira komanso kosakwanira. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa madera osiyanasiyana komanso pakati pa madera akumidzi ndi akumidzi, ndipo mphamvu zoperekera chithandizo zimakhalabe zosakwanira. Chiwopsezo cha kutenga nawo mbali pakukonzanso, kulimbitsa thupi ndi masewera akuyenera kuchulukitsidwa, ndipo ma parasports achisanu akuyenera kutchuka kwambiri. Pali ntchito yochulukirapo yomwe ikuyenera kuchitika popititsa patsogolo ma parasport.
Pansi pa utsogoleri wamphamvu wa Komiti Yaikulu ya CPC yokhala ndi Xi Jinping pachimake, Chipanicho ndi boma la China zipitilizabe kutsata nzeru zachitukuko zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi anthu pomanga dziko la China kukhala dziko lamakono la sosholisti m'mbali zonse. Sadzayesetsa kupereka thandizo kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, kuwonetsetsa kuti olumala ali ndi ufulu wofanana, ndikuwongolera thanzi lawo ndi luso lawo lodzitukumula. Njira zenizeni zidzatengedwa kuti zilemekeze ndi kuteteza ufulu ndi zofuna za anthu olumala, kuphatikizapo ufulu wochita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi, pofuna kulimbikitsa zomwe anthu olumala amayembekezera komanso kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino.
Gwero: Xinhua
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-04-2022